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What is the problem with placing all members of kingdom protists into the same clade?
Placing all members of kingdom Protista into the same clade oversimplifies the immense diversity within this group, which includes various organisms like algae, protozoa, and slime molds. Protists are not a monophyletic group; they represent multiple lineages that evolved separately, leading to significant differences in their evolutionary history, cellular structure, and modes of reproduction. Consequently, grouping them together can obscure important biological and ecological distinctions, hindering our understanding of their relationships and evolutionary processes.
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Why has the Kingdom Protista been abandoned?
Advances in systematics have caused the kingdom Protista to crumble. the former kingdom is paraphyletic: some protists are more closely related to plants, fungi, or animals than to other protists. {& plants are a problem: sister clade to "green algae" - but not included in "protists"} As a result, the kingdom Protista has been abandoned ... Biologists still use 'protist 'informally, {like 'reptile' or 'dog'} as a convenient way to refer to eukaryotes that are neither plants, animals, nor fungi.
What is the main problem with classifying protists?
Historical classificationsThe first division of the protists from other organisms came in the 1830s, when the German biologist Georg August Goldfuss introduced the word protozoa to refer to organisms such as ciliates and corals.[4] This group was expanded in 1845 to include all "unicellular animals", such as Foraminifera and amoebae. The formal taxonomic category Protoctista was first proposed in the early 1860s by John Hogg, who argued that the protists should include what he saw as primitive unicellular forms of both plants and animals. He defined the Protoctista as a "fourth kingdom of nature", in addition to the then-traditional kingdoms of plants, animals and minerals.[4] The kingdom of minerals was later removed from taxonomy by Ernst Haeckel, leaving plants, animals, and the protists as a "kingdom of primitive forms".[5]Herbert Copeland resurrected Hogg's label almost a century later, arguing that "Protoctista" literally meant "first established beings", Copeland complained that Haeckel's term protista included anucleated microbes such as bacteria. Copeland's use of the term protoctista did not. In contrast, Copeland's term included nucleated eukaryotes such as diatoms, green algae and fungi.[6] This classification was the basis for Whittaker's later definition of Fungi, Animalia, Plantae and Protista as the four kingdoms of life.[7] The kingdom Protista was later modified to separate prokaryotes into the separate kingdom of Monera, leaving the protists as a group of eukaryotic microorganisms.[8] These five kingdoms remained the accepted classification until the development of molecular phylogenetics in the late 20th century, when it became apparent that neither protists nor monera were single groups of related organisms (they were not monophyletic groups).[9]Modern classificationsCurrently, the term protist is used to refer to unicellular eukaryotes that either exist as independent cells, or if they occur in colonies, do not show differentiation into tissues.[10] The term protozoa is used to refer to heterotrophic species of protists that do not form filaments. These terms are not used in current taxonomy, and are retained only as convenient ways to refer to these organisms. The taxonomy of protists is still changing. Newer classifications attempt to present monophyletic groups based on ultrastructure, biochemistry, and genetics. Because the protists as a whole are paraphyletic, such systems often split up or abandon the kingdom, instead treating the protist groups as separate lines of eukaryotes. The recent scheme by Adl et al. (2005)[10] is an example that does not bother with formal ranks (phylum, class, etc.) and instead lists organisms in hierarchical lists. This is intended to make the classification more stable in the long term and easier to update. Some of the main groups of protists, which may be treated as phyla, are listed in the taxobox at right.[11] Many are thought to be monophyletic, though there is still uncertainty. For instance, the excavates are probably not monophyletic and the chromalveolates are probably only monophyletic if the haptophytes and cryptomonads are excluded.
The first step in the policy cycle is?
The first step in the policy cycle is usually problem identification and agenda setting. This involves recognizing issues that require attention, defining them as problems, and placing them on the agenda for policy development.
What potential problem do you foresee?
One potential problem that I foresee is a lack of clear communication among team members, which can lead to misunderstandings, delays, and reduced productivity. It is important to establish effective communication channels and practices to prevent this issue.
How did Moseley solve the problem of elements that did not fit the pattern according to their properties?
He rearranged the table, placing elements in order of atomic weight, not by property. This resulted in elements that had similar properties but were actually very unrelated from being placed incorrectly, and lead to them being put where it made more sense. After the reordering, they were also very much aligned by their properties, thus fixing the problem of those elements that didn't fit.
Why has the Kingdom Protista been abandoned?
Advances in systematics have caused the kingdom Protista to crumble. the former kingdom is paraphyletic: some protists are more closely related to plants, fungi, or animals than to other protists. {& plants are a problem: sister clade to "green algae" - but not included in "protists"} As a result, the kingdom Protista has been abandoned ... Biologists still use 'protist 'informally, {like 'reptile' or 'dog'} as a convenient way to refer to eukaryotes that are neither plants, animals, nor fungi.
Why is the pollution such a problem in the united kingdom?
It's not
AfterWhy can't I get water to flow from or to radiator after placing a new water pump on 242 engine?
Thermostat May be the problem
What wad Ida B Wells called by members of the black press?
she was always getting in problem after problem :)♥
What is the main problem with classifying protists?
Historical classificationsThe first division of the protists from other organisms came in the 1830s, when the German biologist Georg August Goldfuss introduced the word protozoa to refer to organisms such as ciliates and corals.[4] This group was expanded in 1845 to include all "unicellular animals", such as Foraminifera and amoebae. The formal taxonomic category Protoctista was first proposed in the early 1860s by John Hogg, who argued that the protists should include what he saw as primitive unicellular forms of both plants and animals. He defined the Protoctista as a "fourth kingdom of nature", in addition to the then-traditional kingdoms of plants, animals and minerals.[4] The kingdom of minerals was later removed from taxonomy by Ernst Haeckel, leaving plants, animals, and the protists as a "kingdom of primitive forms".[5]Herbert Copeland resurrected Hogg's label almost a century later, arguing that "Protoctista" literally meant "first established beings", Copeland complained that Haeckel's term protista included anucleated microbes such as bacteria. Copeland's use of the term protoctista did not. In contrast, Copeland's term included nucleated eukaryotes such as diatoms, green algae and fungi.[6] This classification was the basis for Whittaker's later definition of Fungi, Animalia, Plantae and Protista as the four kingdoms of life.[7] The kingdom Protista was later modified to separate prokaryotes into the separate kingdom of Monera, leaving the protists as a group of eukaryotic microorganisms.[8] These five kingdoms remained the accepted classification until the development of molecular phylogenetics in the late 20th century, when it became apparent that neither protists nor monera were single groups of related organisms (they were not monophyletic groups).[9]Modern classificationsCurrently, the term protist is used to refer to unicellular eukaryotes that either exist as independent cells, or if they occur in colonies, do not show differentiation into tissues.[10] The term protozoa is used to refer to heterotrophic species of protists that do not form filaments. These terms are not used in current taxonomy, and are retained only as convenient ways to refer to these organisms. The taxonomy of protists is still changing. Newer classifications attempt to present monophyletic groups based on ultrastructure, biochemistry, and genetics. Because the protists as a whole are paraphyletic, such systems often split up or abandon the kingdom, instead treating the protist groups as separate lines of eukaryotes. The recent scheme by Adl et al. (2005)[10] is an example that does not bother with formal ranks (phylum, class, etc.) and instead lists organisms in hierarchical lists. This is intended to make the classification more stable in the long term and easier to update. Some of the main groups of protists, which may be treated as phyla, are listed in the taxobox at right.[11] Many are thought to be monophyletic, though there is still uncertainty. For instance, the excavates are probably not monophyletic and the chromalveolates are probably only monophyletic if the haptophytes and cryptomonads are excluded.
How Do you Upload Photos Onto Piczo?
since a time, the upload of pictures fails. Mailing piczo wasn't a sollution. They don't answer and the problem still exist. Asking around at piczo-members, alot of members have this problem.
Possible causes of family problem?
liars, family members who steal , cheat
What do the house of commons do?
The 'House of Commons' is the lower chamber of Parliament in both Canada and the United Kingdom. The House of Commons is directly elected and the Prime Minister is chosen from amongst its number. Members of the HoC are called MP's.
What is a special access pass to enter the dungeons?
Well There Is One Problem. If Your A Member You Can Go In. But Probably It Might Be Where Members AND Non-Members Can Enter. Remember That.
Why the grinder of the sink do not work?
The grinder, or garbage disposal, may be broken for a number of reasons. If you are using it correctly and cutting items small enough for the grinder to handle before placing placing them down the drain, and using water while you run the disposal, there shouldn't be a problem. If you are using it correctly and the grinder still isn't working properly, the problem may be a broken belt or a worn out motor.
Where do ideas for a government bill come from?
They are suggested to members of the legislative branch by their constituents, or are intorduced by the members themselves, in respons to some perceived problem that such a law might solve.
What is the problem in Kensuke's Kingdom?
The main problem in Kensuke's Kingdom is that Michael and his dog Stella are stranded on an uninhabited island in the Pacific Ocean after their family's yacht sinks. They must navigate challenges such as finding food and shelter, while also dealing with the emotional struggle of being isolated from civilization.
