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The process of cellular respiration has three main stages.

The first is glycolysis, in which glucose is split into two molecules. ATP, pyruvic acid, and NADH are all produced during this process.

The second stage is the citric acid cycle. This occurs after the two molecules of glucose (resulting after the split) are converted into a compound called acetyl CoA. Through a series of steps, NAD and FAD compounds as well as ATP molecules are produced, and the NAD and FAD are reduced. These reduced forms carry high energy electrons to the next stage.

This third and final stage is known as electron transport. An electron transport chain is made up of electron carriers in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells. Through multiple reactions, the high energy electrons are passed to oxygen, and ATP is produced.

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