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The rock layer beneath the Earth's surface that slowly flows is the mantle. (Given enough time, all rocks, even the most solid, will flow through molecular motion.)

The mantle is a slowly convecting layer of rock which flows in order to transfer heat from the core to the Earth's surface. It is this convection that drives the movements of the continents and can cause volcanic mountains to form.

The athenosphere is the highly viscous, mechanically-weak and ductilely-deforming upper mantle of the Earth. It is the zone upon which the great rigid and brittle lithospheric plates of the Earth's crust move about. However, the whole mantle is flowing, albeit very slowly.

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What is the rocky rigid layer of the earth?

The rocky rigid layer of the Earth is called the lithosphere. It consists of the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle and is divided into several tectonic plates that float on the semi-fluid asthenosphere beneath.


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The rigid layer that is the upper mantle and crust is called the lithosphere.


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