The size of d orbitals generally increases with the principal quantum number (n) and the number of electrons in the orbitals. In the context of silicon (Si), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), and chlorine (Cl), these elements primarily utilize s and p orbitals in their bonding, as they are located in the second and third periods of the Periodic Table. However, if we consider the energy levels and trends, the size of d orbitals would follow the order of increasing atomic number, with phosphorus having the lowest energy d orbitals, followed by sulfur, chlorine, and then silicon, which has no d orbitals in its ground state. Thus, the order would not directly apply to these elements since Si, P, S, and Cl have no d orbitals in their valence shells.
silicon
The first 20 elements of the periodic table are hydrogen, helium, lithium, beryllium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, neon, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine, argon, potassium, and calcium.
Among these, neon and argon are most stable, as they are noble gases and have completely filled orbitals.
Hydrogen, Helium, Lithium, Beryllium, Boron, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Neon, Sodium, Magnesium, Aluminum, Silicon, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Chlorine, Argon, Potassium, and Calcium.
Silicon (Si) is a metalloid. Sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) are not metalloids.
chlorine is the smallest in size. The order of atomic size is chlorine < sulphur < phosphorus < silicon.
Chlorine is the smallest of those elements, followed by sulfur, silicon, and phosphorus. The size of an atom is determined by the number of protons and electrons it has, with more protons making the atom smaller.
Chlorine most readily accepts electrons among silicon, sulfur, chlorine, and phosphorus. Chlorine is a halogen and has a high electron affinity due to its high electronegativity, making it more likely to accept electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. Silicon, sulfur, and phosphorus are nonmetals with varying electron affinities but are generally less likely to accept electrons compared to chlorine.
Sodium, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine, and argon.
Sodium is in 3rd period and seven other elements are in same period they are Magnesium, Aluminium, Silicon, Phosphorus, Sulphur, Chlorine and Argon.
phosphorus-doped silicon ( n-type semiconductor) can be be produced by adding phosphorus to silicon to obtain a mixture, then heating and melting the obtained mixture. Or add phosphorus to already melted silicon.
Silicon has three orbitals in its valence shell: one 3s orbital and two 3p orbitals. This gives it a total of four valence electrons.
The silicon atoms in silicon tetrafluoride (SiF4) use sp3 hybrid orbitals to form sigma bonds with the fluorine atoms. This hybridization involves mixing one 3s orbital and three 3p orbitals to create four equivalent sp3 hybrid orbitals around the silicon atom.
Phosphorus has more outer electrons than silicon. Phosphorus has 5 outer electrons in the third energy level, while silicon has 4 outer electrons in the third energy level.
Helium, Boron, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Neon, Silicon, Phosphorus, Sulphur, Chlorine, and Argon are the main ones
The central silicon atom in SiCl4 has a tetrahedral geometry, meaning it is sp3 hybridized. This means that the silicon atom has one s orbital and three p orbitals hybridized to form four equivalent sp3 orbitals for bonding with four chlorine atoms.
nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, silicon, neon, phosphorus, argon, bromide, fluorine, carbon