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DNA consists of a very long molecule shaped like a double spiral or double helix. Imagine the molecule as a very long spiral stairs. The side 'handrails' in the DNA are groups of atoms called phosphate groups. The spiral staircase 'steps' in the DNA molecule are pairs of molecules called nucleotides. Just four different nucleotides (with the names Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine and Thymine) make up these pairs (called 'base pairs') right through the DNA molecule, in a code that determines a characteristic of the living thing to which the DNA belongs. As an example, imagine each step on the spiral stairs is labelled after the first letters of the nucleotide names - top step, AC, then CG, AG, AT, AC, GA and so on. The complete code of a human being that reads like this... AGCTGTCAGTGACTTCACTACTTACTA... and so on for thousands of pages, is called the human genome. A long series of base pairs (i.e. a small section of the DNA molecule) may control a particular characteristic of the living thing to which they belong (e.g. eye colour, hair colour etc.) and is called a gene. Many thousands of these genes make up a long stretch of DNA that is coiled and coiled into a small structure called a chromosome. In the nucleus of every human cell there are 23 pairs of chromosomes containing the whole code unique to the individual human. So, if you ignore the atoms themselves, the smallest active unit of DNA is one of the nucleotides that make up the code. next comes the base pair, then the genes and finally the chromosome. DNA forms a chain, and long chains are known as chromosomes. Chromosomes are complex, consisting of proteins (with various functions) plus nucleic acid (DNA). Both of these are made of intricately formed molecules. A molecule is a group atoms. Atoms comprise of ….(how far do you want to go?)
What else can I help you with?
What is the basic unit of the human body and all living things called?
All living things are made of one or more cells which have DNA in them.
Which sequence lists the hereditary material found inside cells from the smallest unit to the largest unit?
DNA base pairs, genes, chromosomes, nucleus.
What is the basic unit of life called?
The basic unit of life is called a cell. Cells are the smallest structural and functional unit of living organisms.
The smallest unit of matter is called?
An atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element.
What is the basic unit of chromosomes?
The basic unit of chromosomes is the DNA molecule, which is wrapped around proteins called histones. Together, the DNA and histones form a structure known as chromatin, which further condenses to form chromosomes during cell division. Each chromosome carries a specific set of genes that determine an individual's traits.
What is the smallest unit of DNA?
laugh out loud
What is a compound's smallest unit usually called?
If it is a molecular compound, the smallest unit is called a molecule. If it is an ionic compound, the smallest unit is called a formula unit.
The smallest addressable unit of storage on a disk is called a?
The smallest addressable unit of storage on a disk is called a sector.
What is the smallest unit of inheritance?
Heredity is the passing of traits to offspring (from its parent or ancestors).That being said, the smallest unit of Heredity is a gene, because a gene is the smallest unit capable of conveying a genetic message. Technically the smallest unit of heredity is a cistron, but that's essentially the same as a gene.I would have said a nucleotide, but a single nucleotide can't convey a hereditary message.
What is the smallest structural and functional unit of the kidney?
The smallest functional andstructural unit of kidney is called as -
What is the major subunit of DNA called?
DNA's sub unit is called a nucleotide.
The smallest meaningful unit of language structure is called?
Morpheme
What is a compound's smallest unit called?
methane
What is the smallest unit of positive charge called?
The smallest unit of positive charge is called a proton. It is found in the nucleus of an atom and carries a positive electric charge.
What is the basic unit of the human body and all living things called?
All living things are made of one or more cells which have DNA in them.
What is the smallest unit of a worksheet called?
cells
What is the smallest functional unit of life called?
The cell
