powder
Zero. Phosphorus will not trade electrons with itself.
The charge of a phosphorus (P) ion can vary depending on its oxidation state. For example, in the common phosphate ion (PO4)3-, phosphorus has a charge of +5.
The compound P₂Os is called diphosphorus pentoxide. It consists of two phosphorus atoms and five oxygen atoms, and is often associated with phosphorus oxides, which are important in various chemical applications. This compound can also be referred to as phosphorus(V) oxide, indicating the oxidation state of phosphorus in the compound.
Interestingly, white phosphorus, the most common allotrope of phosphorus, is defined as the standard state despite the fact that it is only metastable. For all the other solid elements, the "standard state" is defined as the most stable allotrope at 100 kPa. Red, violet, and black phosphorous are more stable, but far less common since they require special conditions to be produced and even being more stable are still very reactive. Note that red phosphorous might actually be considered just an intermediate phase between white and violet phosphorous rather than an allotrope, and consequently most of its properties vary considerably.
phosphorus
solid state
Phosphorus can, in fact, exist as covalent crystals in the solid state. Phosphorus usually exists in the solid state as non-covalent crystals. Under intense pressure, however, the bonds can become covalent.
Phosphorus is typically in a solid state at room temperature. There are different allotropes of phosphorus, with the most common form being white phosphorus, which is a waxy solid.
At normal temperatures, phosphorus is a solid.
gas
Phosphorus has three unpaired electrons in its ground state.
Phosphorus exists in multiple allotropes, with the most common being white phosphorus, which is a solid. Red phosphorus is another common form, which is also a solid. Both white and red phosphorus are considered non-metallic elements in solid form.
Phosphorus is not found in its free state in nature but is mostly contained in phosphate minerals, which are the main sources of phosphorus used for fertilizers. Additionally, phosphorus can also be found in biological organisms like plants and animals.
The oxidation state of an individual phosphorus atom in PO is +5. This is because oxygen typically has an oxidation state of -2, so in the compound PO, the overall charge is 0, which means the oxidation state of phosphorus must be +5 to balance the charges.
Phosphorus is typically a solid at 20 degrees Celsius.
Phosphorus occurs naturally in several allotropes, with the most common forms being white phosphorus, red phosphorus, and black phosphorus. White phosphorus is a waxy, transparent solid, red phosphorus is a crystalline solid, and black phosphorus has a layered structure similar to graphite.
Phosphorus stays in tetra atom form in its elemental state and its formula is P4