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Proteins are primarily composed of amino acids, which are organic molecules made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur. The backbone of amino acids consists of a central carbon atom, an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a side chain (R group) that varies among different amino acids. These elements combine in various sequences to form polypeptides, which then fold into specific three-dimensional structures to perform various functions in biological systems.

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3d ago

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