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What major events occur in interphase prophase metaphase anaphase and telophase draw diagrams to help explain your answer?
Interphase:
Three general phases occur - G1 (growth), S (synthesis), G2 (growth).
G1 is the time of very rapid growth and involves a high degree of metabolic activity resulting in the synthesis of a RNA and a large number of proteins --> This allows the increase in size and number of cell organelles.
S involves the synthesis of nucelotides in the nucelolus and replication of DNA, hence the name 'synthesis'. The original and replicated strands of DNA remain connected at a point called the centromere. And by now, each chromosome has become two chromatids.
G2 involves cellular synthesis in preparation for cell division, the cell continues to grow in this phase. Also, strands of protein required to form spindle fibres will start to assemble.
After Interphase, Mitosis occurs.
In mitosis, there are 4 stages:
- Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase and Telophase.
In prophase, basically the DNA threads are replicated, and the chromosomes which consist of two strands (chromatids) are joined to the centromere. Also, the protein threads form spindle fibre. The nucleolus of the nuclear breaks down and the nuclear membrane beings to separate.
In metaphase, the nuclear membrane disappears and the chromosomes begin to migrate to the equation (align to the middle) of the spindle. Each chromosome attaches to an INDIVIDUAL spindle fibre.
In anaphase, the chromatids separate to opposite poles (sides) of the spindle (it is said that this stage requires a large amount of energy).
Telophase is when the microtubules disappear. The spindle breaks down and a new nuclear membrane is formed around each bundle of chromosomes.
Finally, after Mitosis has been performed, Cytokinesis (cell division - final phase) occurs.
This involves forming a division through the middle of the cytoplasm. New cell walls are then produced to make the separation official. Now two daughter cells have been produced (they are genetically identical to the original cell, hence why mitosis occurs in asexual reproduction, growth and repair).
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