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Among the eight elements in the table, metals are most likely to form positive ions, or cations. This is because they have fewer valence electrons and are inclined to lose these electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration, typically resembling the nearest noble gas. Elements such as sodium (Na) or calcium (Ca) readily lose one or two electrons, respectively, to form positively charged ions (Na⁺, Ca²⁺). Nonmetals, on the other hand, tend to gain electrons and form negative ions (anions).

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