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The organelle responsible for the synthesis of new molecules in a cell is the ribosome. Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis, where they translate messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains, which then fold into functional proteins. Additionally, the endoplasmic reticulum (specifically the rough ER) is involved in the synthesis and processing of proteins, while the smooth ER is responsible for lipid synthesis. Together, these organelles play key roles in the production of various biomolecules.

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