0
What else can I help you with?
what is the working and application of chromatography?
Predicting whether or not there is a particular substance in your given compound, such as detecting drugs in the urine.
Is ytterbium dangerous?
Ytterbium itself is not considered dangerous to humans in its elemental form. However, ytterbium compounds can be toxic if ingested or inhaled, so proper handling and safety precautions are necessary when working with these materials.
What are the safety issues arising from using carbon 14?
The main safety issue with using carbon-14 is its radioactivity. It emits beta particles which can be harmful if exposed in large doses, so precautions must be taken to minimize exposure. Proper shielding, monitoring, and handling procedures are necessary to ensure the safety of those working with carbon-14.
How many different types of chromatography are there and what are they?
he different types of laboratory techniques used in the separation of mixtures are grouped under an umbrella term, chromatography. The process through which constituents of a mixture are separated and analyzed by physical means is referred to as chromatography. Apart from the different criteria of classification of chromatography discussed below, the basic criterion is the purpose for which this process is carried out. On the basis of this criterion, the process of chromatography is classified into analytical and preparative. The former is carried out for the purpose of measuring the amount of an analyte present in a mixture. On the other hand, preparative chromatography is used for separating the components of a mixture for their further use. Depending on the techniques used in chromatography, the process is broadly classified as adsorption and partition chromatography. An attempt to explain the different types of chromatography is made through this article. Let us find more about the different procedures.Adsorption ChromatographyIn this form of chromatography, the chemical mixtures in question are passed over an adsorbent bed. Different compounds present in the mixture get adsorbed on the bed at different rates. This process is mostly carried out for analytical separation. Adsorption chromatography is further divided into 'affinity' and 'ion-exchange' chromatography.Ion-exchange ChromatographyThe mechanism of ion-exchange which is used in this form of chromatography allows to carry out the segregation of analytes. This kind of segregation/separation can be performed in 2 different modes, i.e. planar and column. Separation of charged compounds like peptides, amino acids, proteins, etc. takes place through a charged stationary phase.Column ChromatographyThe column chromatography technique uses a set-up in which the stationary phase is placed in a column. There are two ways through which the stationary phase is placed/positioned in a column: either it entirely fills the column or lines the walls of the column.Planar ChromatographyThe stationary phase is placed on a plane surface. The set-up is unlike the one used in column chromatography where stationary phase is placed in a column. Here, a plane surface is used. The plane surface could be anything from paper to glass.Affinity ChromatographyThe non-covalent interaction which takes place between the analyte in question and certain molecules is the basis of working of affinity chromatography. Purification of proteins bound to tags is conducted with this technique.Partition ChromatographyIn this separation technique, components of the given mixture are separated through the use of partition of a solute between two solvents. In the process, one of the solvents is immobilized by means of a substance present in the filter paper or column.Gel Filtration ChromatographyThis technique is also known as gel permeation or size exclusion chromatography. Molecules of the mixture in question are separated on the basis of their size. Technically speaking, the process of separation is carried out on the basis of hydrodynamic diameter (size) of molecules. Larger molecules of the mixture are unable to enter the pores of media; therefore, molecules are washed out quickly. On the other hand, smaller molecules take more time to elute because they are able to enter the pores of media.High Performance Liquid ChromatographyIn this type of chromatography, separation of compounds is carried out on the basis of their idiosyncratic polarities. Interaction of these compounds with the stationary phase of the column too is considered. Equipment needed for carrying out high performance liquid chromatography includes a pump (used for moving the mobile phase and analyte through the column), stationary phase and a detector. Retention time for the analyte is also provided by the detector. Depending on the strength of interactions taking place between the analyte and stationary phase, retention time can vary.Gas ChromatographyThis form of chromatography uses cylinders wherein gas is stored under pressure. These gases do the work of carrying the solute. The carrier gas that is commonly used in this chromatography is helium. Flame ionization detectors and thermal conductivity are used in gas chromatography. There are three sub-types of gas chromatography which include the following: gas-liquid chromatography, gas adsorption chromatography and capillary gas chromatography. In gas-liquid chromatography, an inert porous solid is used as the stationary phase. The stationary phase used in gas chromatography is a bed formed by an adsorbent. In capillary gas chromatography, the adsorbents form a layer on fused silica or glass which line the capillary walls.Pyrolysis Gas ChromatographyThis method of chromatography makes use of pyrolysis i.e. decomposition of the sample with the help of thermal power. The process of pyrolysis is followed by the regular procedure of gas chromatography. Resistive heating, inductive heating and heating in isothermal furnace are the three methods used for carrying out pyrolysis in this technique. The volatile fragments formed by heating (at a temperature of 600-1000 °C) are separated by means of gas chromatography.Reverse-phase ChromatographyThis technique employs a method which is just opposite to that of normal phase chromatography. In reverse-phase chromatography, the stationary phase is made up of hydrophobic compounds; they attract the hydrophobic compounds present in the mobile phase. Here, the polarity of mobile phase is reduced in order to allow the hydrophobic molecules to elute.The technique of chromatography which is meant for separation of compounds from mixtures thus, holds immense importance in fields like biochemistry, biotechnology and many other. An attempt to list as many types of chromatography as possible is made in this write-up.
How do you explain working aloft?
Working aloft refers to working at heights above ground level, typically on a ship's mast, rigging, or any elevated structure. It involves tasks such as maintenance, repair, or installation, and requires proper safety precautions like wearing harnesses, using fall protection gear, and being trained in working at heights. Being aware of surroundings, following established procedures, and being focused on the task at hand are vital for working safely aloft.
Where is the injection belt on a vw lt35?
The injection belt on a VW LT35 is typically located beneath the engine cover, connected to the fuel injection pump. It may require the removal of certain components or covers for visibility and access. Always consult the vehicle's service manual for specific instructions and safety precautions when working on the engine.
What safety precautions are necessary when working with an electric?
LOCK OUT THE POWER SO THAT IT CAN NOT BE TURNED ON BY ANYONE ELSE. IF IT HAS CAPASITORS MAKE SURE THAT THEY ARE DISSCHARGED PRIOR TO REMOVAL.
What safety precautions are necessary when working with an electric motor?
LOCK OUT THE POWER SO THAT IT CAN NOT BE TURNED ON BY ANYONE ELSE. IF IT HAS CAPASITORS MAKE SURE THAT THEY ARE DISSCHARGED PRIOR TO REMOVAL.
What are the safety and precautions for calcium?
The safety precautions that should be used when working with calcium depend on the form of calcium you are working with, what you will be doing with it, and how much you will be handling.
Why your 2001 Pontiac bonniville has no fuel injection?
It does have fuel injection. It may not be working but it has it. If it is not working then the fuel pump may have failed or the fuse is blown or relay is bad.
What safety precautions can you take when working in a factory?
What safety precautions you can take when working in a factory depends on what is done in the factory and how it is done. An answer to such a general question would usually fill several books.
what is the working and application of chromatography?
Predicting whether or not there is a particular substance in your given compound, such as detecting drugs in the urine.
Precautions that should be observed when working with sheet metals?
There is a few precautions you should take when working with sheet metal. You should always wear safety glass, wear gloves an pay attention.
Is ytterbium dangerous?
Ytterbium itself is not considered dangerous to humans in its elemental form. However, ytterbium compounds can be toxic if ingested or inhaled, so proper handling and safety precautions are necessary when working with these materials.
Safety precaution in bench work?
what are the safety precautions in bench working
What safety precautions should be taken when working with electricity, including the use of rubber gloves for electrical work?
When working with electricity, it is important to take safety precautions to prevent accidents. This includes wearing rubber gloves to protect against electric shock. Other precautions include turning off power before working on electrical systems, using insulated tools, and avoiding working in wet conditions.
What are the safety precautions to consider when working with a circuit breaker?
When working with a circuit breaker, it is important to follow safety precautions such as wearing insulated gloves, ensuring the power is turned off before working on the breaker, and using proper tools to avoid electrical shocks.
