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The process used is PCR = Polymerase Chain Reaction.

PCR used Taq polymerase - an enzyme that adds nucleotides to a primer and brings about the formation of new double stranded DNA.

Primers are short sequences of nucleotides that bind to the mutant gene and allow the Taq polymerase to function.

The ultimate result of the process is the amplification (creation of several million copies) of the mutant gene.

In the absence of the mutate gene, these copies would not be created since the primers do not have anywhere to bind to.

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