Groynes, sea walls and rip-raps
Flamborough Head has sea cliffs that are composed of hard chalk and limestone, which are more resistant to erosion compared to other types of rock. The presence of these durable rock formations along the coastline helps protect Flamborough from significant erosion. Additionally, natural factors such as wave energy and sediment supply also play a role in the rate of erosion in this area.
The sea level lowered
Spurn Head is eroding away primarily due to exposure to strong winds and waves, as well as the impact of human activities such as coastal development and sea defense structures. Climate change and rising sea levels are also contributing factors to the erosion of Spurn Head.
The Dead Sea is at an altitude of 423m below sea level.add The Salton Sea in US is 69m below seal level.
The Black Sea is estimated to be around 22 million years old.
Flamborough Head is a chalk headland with shear white cliffs on the (North Sea) coast of Yorkshire, England, between Filey and Bridlington.
Flamborough Head has sea cliffs that are composed of hard chalk and limestone, which are more resistant to erosion compared to other types of rock. The presence of these durable rock formations along the coastline helps protect Flamborough from significant erosion. Additionally, natural factors such as wave energy and sediment supply also play a role in the rate of erosion in this area.
The cost of sea defences can vary widely depending on factors such as the type of defence, the location, and the scale of the project. Costs can range from thousands to millions of dollars for smaller projects like beach nourishment or seawalls, to billions of dollars for larger projects like barrier islands or storm surge barriers.
Flamborough Head is primarily affected by erosion due to its geological composition of soft chalk and limestone, which are more susceptible to weathering and wave action. The relentless force of the North Sea waves, combined with the area's prevailing weather conditions, accelerates the erosion process. Additionally, human activities such as construction and coastal management practices can exacerbate natural erosion. The combination of these factors leads to significant changes in the coastline over time.
The Countryside Agency in England has designated 640 miles of English coastline as being of special scientific significance or of natural beauty. The aim of 'Heritage Coastline' designation is to ensure the area remains accessible to visitors while protecting the things that made it special. Flamborough Head in Yorkshire, projects out into the North Sea and is an important migration stopover and breading ground for seabirds such as Gannets and Puffins. Because of it's exposure, it is the location for England's oldest lighthouse, built in 1674.
well i was wondering is there any! coz I'm stuck on homework :(
about 120 years (which is very long compared to other methods of sea defences.)
Roads, railways, bridges, tunnels, harbours, dams, sea-defences...
Ultimately you can't, the force of the sea is just too powerful. However people have tried to slow things down with groins and sea defences.
The sea defences consist of Rip Rap(rock armour); sea wall; revetments; Gabions; holes in pavement; Groynes; offshore breakwater and beach seeding.
Puffins at Flamborough typically breed from late March to early August. During this period, they return to their nesting sites to lay eggs and rear their chicks. The breeding season peaks in May and June, when the birds are most active in caring for their young. After the breeding season, puffins leave their nesting sites to spend the winter at sea.
Swanage utilizes a combination of sea defences to protect against coastal erosion and flooding. Key features include a sea wall, which helps absorb wave energy and prevent flooding, and groynes that extend into the sea to trap sand and build up the beach. Additionally, beach nourishment is employed to replenish sand lost to erosion, enhancing the natural barrier against the sea. Together, these measures aim to safeguard the town's infrastructure and coastal environment.