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The cell wall of a bacterium is surrounded by a capsule which has the purpose of preventing the bacteria from becoming dehydrated. It is usually made up of a layer of polysaccharides and may also contain proteins. The presence of a capsule is usually associated with pathogenic (disease causing) bacteria because it acts as a barrier against white blood cells so that the white blood cells cannot engulf the bacteria and by this bacteria able to cross the defence mechanism of host and cause disease. It can also some time resist antibiotics

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