Sextant.
The Doppler effect - a change in frequency, dependent on relative speed.
They can determine how fast the star is moving toward or away from us. The chemical spectral signature is used to determine the Doppler shift of the visible light reaching us. This is then used to calculate how fast we and the star in question are moving toward or away from each other.
For nearby stars, the parallax method is used.
if the Strs's cell had grown on the TSY + streptomycin agar plate would you have been able to determine if transformation had take place
Not if they have the faintest clue what they're doing. Parallax is used to measure distance, not temperature.
star tool
Compass
Mass
how dense the star is
A dressing wheel or Star wheel dressing tool
A calender
a calendar
A calender
The Census
Perhaps the "food pyramid"?
a spectroscope is the instrument used to determine the chemical makeup of a star.
it is called an star chart