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It is the electromagnetic force, one of the four fundamental forces in nature, that holds electrons in orbit around an atomic nucleus. The electrons have a negative charge, and the protons in the nucleus have a positive charge. The opposite charges attract each other. The electromagnetic force also dictates how the electrons in orbits behave, too. Remember that electrons, because they have the same negative charge, don't like each other. They will form the electron cloud around an atomic nucleus, but they behave the way they do with respect to each other because of the electromagnetic force. Chemistry is a study in electromagnetics.

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