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Oxygen has six electrons in its outer (valence) shell. According to the octet rule (see related question below), a particle "wants" to have a total of eight electrons in order to be stable. You can also see from the Periodic Table that oxygen has two unpaired electrons, and needs to pair those two. Therefore, oxygen needs to gain two electrons to add to its six. When electrons are added to a particle, there is an overall negative charge due to the imbalance between the positive (protons) and the negative (electrons). Negative ions are called anions.

This means that in most cases oxygen forms a -2 ion (O2-). Diatomic oxygen can also form the ions Superoxide (O2-) and peroxide (O22-).

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Enos Reichel

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3y ago

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