Felsic magma
Dome complexes typically erupt andesite to rhyolite magma, which is characterized by high viscosity. This viscosity leads to the formation of steep-sided volcanic domes, as the magma doesn't flow easily and tends to pile up near the vent. The eruptions can be explosive due to the buildup of gas pressure within the viscous magma. Consequently, dome complexes often exhibit both dome-building eruptions and pyroclastic flows.
Extrusive igneous rocks
Mount Rainier primarily erupts andesitic magma, which is a type of intermediate magma that is thicker and more viscous than basaltic magma. Andesitic magma often leads to explosive eruptions due to its high gas content and tendency to trap pressure.
The type of underground magma formation that is usually dome-shaped is called a "laccolith." Laccoliths form when magma intrudes between layers of rock and causes the overlying strata to bulge upward, creating a dome-like structure. This occurs typically in sedimentary rock layers, resulting in a rounded, uplifted formation that can sometimes be seen at the surface.
Mt. Ranier is a hot ash volcano like Mt. Saint Helens. So when it erupts, hot ash explodes out like a mushroom cloud and then disperses over a wide area. Lahars cause mudslides and water and debris flow down the mountain. Lava does not pour out though, because it is a hot ash volvano, both types of mountains have magma underneath.
Dome complexes typically erupt andesite to rhyolite magma, which is characterized by high viscosity. This viscosity leads to the formation of steep-sided volcanic domes, as the magma doesn't flow easily and tends to pile up near the vent. The eruptions can be explosive due to the buildup of gas pressure within the viscous magma. Consequently, dome complexes often exhibit both dome-building eruptions and pyroclastic flows.
Mount Pinatubo primarily erupts dacitic magma.
Cinder cone volcanoes are formed by basaltic magma.
The magma that erupts at Mount Pinatubo is mainly dacitic in composition, which is a type of intermediate magma that is rich in silica. This type of magma typically leads to explosive eruptions due to its high viscosity and gas content.
The magma type for a lava dome is typically viscous and silica-rich. This type of magma often leads to slower, more explosive eruptions that result in the gradual buildup of a dome-shaped feature composed of solidified lava.
Extrusive igneous rocks
Volcanic mountains are formed when magma rises to the Earth's surface and erupts. This magma cools and solidifies, building up layers of volcanic rock over time to form a mountain.
Mount Rainier primarily erupts andesitic magma, which is a type of intermediate magma that is thicker and more viscous than basaltic magma. Andesitic magma often leads to explosive eruptions due to its high gas content and tendency to trap pressure.
extrusive igneous rock
The type of magma you are referring to is called viscous magma. It is rich in silica and other minerals, making it thick and sticky. As a result, it does not flow easily and tends to form domes or plugs when it erupts.
The type of underground magma formation that is usually dome-shaped is called a "laccolith." Laccoliths form when magma intrudes between layers of rock and causes the overlying strata to bulge upward, creating a dome-like structure. This occurs typically in sedimentary rock layers, resulting in a rounded, uplifted formation that can sometimes be seen at the surface.
Basaltic magma is produced at the coolest temperatures because it has a lower silica content and therefore has a lower melting point compared to other types of magma. This type of magma typically erupts quietly and forms basaltic rock, such as the kind found at mid-ocean ridges.