Xylem
cortex- In dicot stems, the cortex is located in the area between thevascular bundles and the epidermis. In monocot stems, it occupies the area surrounding the vascularbundles. The center of the stem is pith and may function as storage.
Vascular tissues in dicot stems are arranged in a ring formation, with the xylem located towards the center and the phloem on the outer side. This arrangement provides structural support and efficient transport of water and nutrients throughout the plant. Cambium, a meristematic tissue that gives rise to secondary growth, is located between the xylem and phloem in dicot stems.
The parenchyma cells inside the ring of vascular tissue in dicot stems are known as pith. Pith cells are involved in storage of nutrients, water transport, and provide mechanical support to the stem.
Monocot Root* Presence of thin walled cells in the epiblema. * Absence of cuticle and stomata.* Presence of unicellular root hairs.* Presence of passage cells and casparian thickenings in the endodermis.* Presence of parenchyma cells in the pericycle.* Presence of conjuctive tissue.* Presence of a distinct pith.* Presence of radial vascular bundles with polyarch condition and an exarch xylemDicot Root* Presence of thin walled cells in the epiblema. * Absence of cuticle, and stomata.* Presence of unicellular root hairs.* Absence of hypodermis.* Presence of passage cells and casparian thickenings in the endodermis.* Presence of uniseriate pericycle made up of parenchyma.* Presence of conjuctive tissue.* Absence of pith.* Presence of radial vascular bundles exhibiting tetrach condition with exarch xylemDicot Stem Anatomy:1. In dicot stem the epidermal multicellular stem hairs are present.2. Hypodermis present or absent; if present it is collenchymatous.3. Cortex is well differentiated.4. Endodermis and pericycle layers are present.4. Vascular bundles are arranged in a ring, they are conjoint, collateral, open and endarch.6. Pith is distinct and centrally located.Monocot Stem Anatomy:1. Usually stem hair are absent.2. Hypodermic generally present and it is sclerenchymatous.3. No cortex, the entire tissue below hyperdermis is ground tissue.4. No endodermis of pericylce.5. Vascular bundles are scattered in the ground tissue. they are conjoint, collateral and closed.6. Pith is not differentiated. (S_A)
The endodermis, a specialized layer of cells, surrounds and borders the stele of a dicot root. It is responsible for regulating the passage of water and nutrients into the vascular tissues of the root.
cortex- In dicot stems, the cortex is located in the area between thevascular bundles and the epidermis. In monocot stems, it occupies the area surrounding the vascularbundles. The center of the stem is pith and may function as storage.
Dicot plants are more receptive to tissue culture due to the presence of cambium.
Vascular tissues in dicot stems are arranged in a ring formation, with the xylem located towards the center and the phloem on the outer side. This arrangement provides structural support and efficient transport of water and nutrients throughout the plant. Cambium, a meristematic tissue that gives rise to secondary growth, is located between the xylem and phloem in dicot stems.
The endosperm tissue of a dicot seed contains nutrients such as starch, proteins, and lipids that provide energy and nourishment for the developing seedling. It serves as a food reserve to support the growth of the embryo during germination.
In young dicot and monocot stems do not increase in thickness. Xylem and phloem are arranged in vascular bundles in the cortex. In older stems and all woody stems, the vascular tissues form a cylinder between the cortex and the pith. The vascular bundles in a monocot are scattered throughout the stem.
1. at monocot stem. -stem hairs are absent. -sclerenchyma hypodermis. -internal tissue is not differentiated into different concentric layer but there is a common mass called ground tissue. -vascular bundles is found scattered in ground tissue. -presence of water cavity. 2. at dicot stem -stem hairs are present. -collenchyma hypodermis. -internal tissue is differentiated into hypodermis, cortex, endodermis, pericycle, medullary ray and pith. -vascular bundle is found between preicycle and pith. -water cavity is absent.
The parenchyma cells inside the ring of vascular tissue in dicot stems are known as pith. Pith cells are involved in storage of nutrients, water transport, and provide mechanical support to the stem.
Monocot Root* Presence of thin walled cells in the epiblema. * Absence of cuticle and stomata.* Presence of unicellular root hairs.* Presence of passage cells and casparian thickenings in the endodermis.* Presence of parenchyma cells in the pericycle.* Presence of conjuctive tissue.* Presence of a distinct pith.* Presence of radial vascular bundles with polyarch condition and an exarch xylemDicot Root* Presence of thin walled cells in the epiblema. * Absence of cuticle, and stomata.* Presence of unicellular root hairs.* Absence of hypodermis.* Presence of passage cells and casparian thickenings in the endodermis.* Presence of uniseriate pericycle made up of parenchyma.* Presence of conjuctive tissue.* Absence of pith.* Presence of radial vascular bundles exhibiting tetrach condition with exarch xylemDicot Stem Anatomy:1. In dicot stem the epidermal multicellular stem hairs are present.2. Hypodermis present or absent; if present it is collenchymatous.3. Cortex is well differentiated.4. Endodermis and pericycle layers are present.4. Vascular bundles are arranged in a ring, they are conjoint, collateral, open and endarch.6. Pith is distinct and centrally located.Monocot Stem Anatomy:1. Usually stem hair are absent.2. Hypodermic generally present and it is sclerenchymatous.3. No cortex, the entire tissue below hyperdermis is ground tissue.4. No endodermis of pericylce.5. Vascular bundles are scattered in the ground tissue. they are conjoint, collateral and closed.6. Pith is not differentiated. (S_A)
The endodermis, a specialized layer of cells, surrounds and borders the stele of a dicot root. It is responsible for regulating the passage of water and nutrients into the vascular tissues of the root.
They form a ring where phloem forms an outer ring around the xylem.
Monocots do not have pith inside of them. They do have vascular bundles however, which are in a scattered order.
Primary vascular bundles in dicot root are generally less than six whereas in monocot root it is generally more than six. Secondary growth does not take place in monocot roots; in dicot roots it is invariably takes place.