"Dr. John Gorrie (1803 - 1855), an early pioneer in the invention of the artificial manufacture of ice, refrigeration, and air conditioning, was granted the first U.S. Patent for mechanical refrigeration in 1851. Dr. Gorrie's basic principle is the one most often used in refrigeration today; namely, cooling caused by the rapid expansion of gases. Using two double acting force pumps he first condensed and then rarified air. His apparatus, initially designed to treat yellow fever patients, reduced the temperature of compressed air by interjecting a small amount of water into it. The compressed air was submerged in coils surrounded by a circulating bath of cooling water. He then allowed the interjected water to condense out in a holding tank, andreleased or rarified, the compressed air into a tank of lower pressure containing brine; This lowered the temperature of the brine to 26 degrees F. or below, and immersing drip-fed, brick-sized, oil coated metal containers of non-saline water, or rain water, into the brine, manufactured ice bricks. The cold air was released in an open system into the atmosphere.
"The first known artificial refrigeration was scientifically demonstrated by William Cullen in a laboratory performance at the University of Glasgow in 1748, when he let ethyl ether boil into a vacuum. In 1805, Oliver Evans in the United States designed but never attempted to build, a refrigeration machine that used vapor instead of liquid. Using Evans' refrigeration concept, Jacob Perkins of the U.S. and England, developed an experimental volatile liquid, closed-cycle compressor in 1834.
"Commercial refrigeration is believed to have been initiated by an American businessman, Alexander C. Twinning using sulphuric ether in 1856. Shortly afterward, an Australian, James Harrison, examined the refrigerators used by Gorrie and Twinning, and introduced vapor (ether) compression refrigeration to the brewing and meat packing industries.
"The granting of a U.S. Patent in 1860 to Ferdinand P.E. Carre of France, for his development of a closed, ammonia-absorption system, laid the foundation for widespread modern refrigeration. Unlike vapor-compression machines which used air, Carre used rapidly expanding ammonia which liquifies at a much lower temperature than water, and is thus able to absorb more heat. Carre's refrigeration became, and still is, the most widely used method of cooling. The development of a number of synthetic refrigerants in the 1920's, removed the need to be concerned about the toxic danger and odor of ammonia leaks
http://www.phys.ufl.edu/~ihas/gorrie/fridge.htm
The rapper Ice Cube released his very first album in 1989!
An ice cube is solid, and contains little gas although there could be air bubbles inside the ice.
Temperature affects an ice cube by either melting it or freezing it. If the temperature is warmer than the ice cube's melting point, the ice will melt into water. If the temperature is colder than the ice cube's freezing point, the water will freeze and the ice cube will grow.
Ice Cube's children were born in different years. For example, his son, O'Shea Jackson Jr., was born in 1991. His daughter, Karima Jackson, was born in 1994. Ice Cube has four other children, with varying birth years.
Ice Cube's mother is Doris Benjamin.
the year cubed ice was first made?
The rapper Ice Cube released his very first album in 1989!
an ice cube with salt
The scientific term for an ice cube is "solid water."
Ice cube has 90 cars
An ice cube is solid, and contains little gas although there could be air bubbles inside the ice.
the ice cube is in a phase of a solid.
No, "ice cube" is not a compound word. It is a combination of two separate words, "ice" and "cube," used together to describe a specific object.
Temperature affects an ice cube by either melting it or freezing it. If the temperature is warmer than the ice cube's melting point, the ice will melt into water. If the temperature is colder than the ice cube's freezing point, the water will freeze and the ice cube will grow.
Ice Cube's children were born in different years. For example, his son, O'Shea Jackson Jr., was born in 1991. His daughter, Karima Jackson, was born in 1994. Ice Cube has four other children, with varying birth years.
A chunk of ice will float higher in water than an ice cube only if the ice chunk is larger than the ice cube.
it depends on the size of the ice cube