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The first series of GPS satellites was called Block 1 and was only used for feasibilty demonstration until the operational Block 2 satellites were launched.

The third Block 2 GPS satellite was launched on 18th August 1989 and as you need atleast 3 visible satellites for a fix that is about when GPS started as a working system. Coverage was extremely sporadic at first as there was rarely three or more satellites in view until much more of the constelation was in orbit a few years later.

In about 1991-2 I used an early GPS receiver, it was roughy an 18 inch cube including the CRT screen, weighed about 100lbs or so and needed a large (by modern standards) external antenna. Due to the low number of satellites in orbit it only gave a fix for a couple of hours, roughly twice a day.

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