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How many chromosomes attach to each spindle fiber during metaphase 1?
Two chromosomes attach to each spindle fiber during metaphase I of meiosis.
What is cellular component helps for the chromosomes apart in mitosis and meiosis?
The cellular component that helps pull chromosomes apart during mitosis and meiosis is the spindle apparatus, which is made up of microtubules. These microtubules extend from the centrosomes (or spindle poles) and attach to the kinetochores of the chromosomes. As the spindle fibers shorten, they exert tension that separates sister chromatids during mitosis and homologous chromosomes during meiosis. This process ensures accurate distribution of genetic material to the daughter cells.
Does homologous chromosomes attached DNA molecule?
Homologous chromosomes do not physically attach to each other through DNA molecules. They are pairs of chromosomes that contain genes for the same traits at the same locations. During meiosis, homologous chromosomes may align closely with each other, but they are not physically connected by DNA.
What is the change in chromosome number in meiosis?
The Reduction of Chromosome Number in Meiosis Is Determined by Properties Built into the Chromosomes. In meiosis I, two chromatids move to each spindle pole. Then, in meiosis II, the two are distributed, one to each future gamete. This requires that meiosis I chromosomes attach to the spindle differently than meiosis II chromosomes and that they regulate chromosome cohesion differently. We investigated whether the information that dictates the division type of the chromosome comes from the whole cell, the spindle, or the chromosome itself. Also, we determined when chromosomes can switch from meiosis I behavior to meiosis II behavior. We used a micromanipulation needle to fuse grasshopper spermatocytes in meiosis I to spermatocytes in meiosis II, and to move chromosomes from one spindle to the other. Chromosomes placed on spindles of a different meiotic division always behaved as they would have on their native spindle; e.g., a meiosis I chromosome attached to a meiosis II spindle in its normal fashion and sister chromatids moved together to the same spindle pole. We also showed that meiosis I chromosomes become competent meiosis II chromosomes in anaphase of meiosis I, but not before. The patterns for attachment to the spindle and regulation of cohesion are built into the chromosome itself. These results suggest that regulation of chromosome cohesion may be linked to differences in the arrangement of kinetochores in the two meiotic divisions.
When does the spindle attaches to what structure?
the spindles attach to chromosomes and centrioles
What is spindle fibers pull the sister chromatids apart?
During anaphase I of meiosis the spindle fibers pull apart in homologous chromosomes. The spindle fibers are composed of micro-tubules. The spindle fibers continue to shorten during anaphase in order to bring the chromosomes at two poles.During anaphase I of meiosis the spindle fibers pull apart in homologous chromosomes. The spindle fibers are composed of micro-tubules. The spindle fibers continue to shorten during anaphase in order to bring the chromosomes at two poles.
How many chromosomes attach to each spindle fiber during metaphase 1?
Two chromosomes attach to each spindle fiber during metaphase I of meiosis.
In which phases of meiosis do the centomeres attch to spindle fibers?
Centromeres attach to spindle fibers during both meiosis I and meiosis II. In meiosis I, centromeres attach to spindle fibers during metaphase I, while in meiosis II, they attach during metaphase II. This attachment is crucial for the proper alignment and segregation of chromosomes during cell division.
Homologous chromosomes pair and undergo crossing over during?
prophase I of meiosis. This process involves the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids, resulting in genetic variation among gametes.
What stage when spindle fibers attach to chromosomes?
The stage when spindle fibers attach to chromosomes is during metaphase of mitosis or meiosis. Spindle fibers, which are made of microtubules, attach to the centromere region of chromosomes to help separate them correctly during cell division.
Does homologous chromosomes attached DNA molecule?
Homologous chromosomes do not physically attach to each other through DNA molecules. They are pairs of chromosomes that contain genes for the same traits at the same locations. During meiosis, homologous chromosomes may align closely with each other, but they are not physically connected by DNA.
What does spindle fiber attach to?
chromosomes
What do spindle fibers do during mitosis and meiosis?
Spindle fibers are responsible for separating and moving the chromosomes during cell division. In mitosis, they help pull sister chromatids apart to opposite poles of the cell, ensuring that each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes. In meiosis, they perform a similar function but with the added complexity of separating homologous chromosomes during the first division and sister chromatids during the second division.
When during mitosis do chromosomes attach to spindle fibers?
Chromosomes attach to spindle fibers during metaphase of mitosis. This is when the chromosomes align at the cell's equator, forming a metaphase plate. The spindle fibers attach to the centromere region of the chromosomes.
What happens during metaphase in meiosis?
During metaphase in meiosis, homologous chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate, a plane equidistant between the two poles of the cell. Microtubules from the spindle apparatus attach to the centromeres of each chromosome, preparing them for separation during anaphase. This alignment ensures the equal distribution of genetic material to the daughter cells.
What is the change in chromosome number in meiosis?
The Reduction of Chromosome Number in Meiosis Is Determined by Properties Built into the Chromosomes. In meiosis I, two chromatids move to each spindle pole. Then, in meiosis II, the two are distributed, one to each future gamete. This requires that meiosis I chromosomes attach to the spindle differently than meiosis II chromosomes and that they regulate chromosome cohesion differently. We investigated whether the information that dictates the division type of the chromosome comes from the whole cell, the spindle, or the chromosome itself. Also, we determined when chromosomes can switch from meiosis I behavior to meiosis II behavior. We used a micromanipulation needle to fuse grasshopper spermatocytes in meiosis I to spermatocytes in meiosis II, and to move chromosomes from one spindle to the other. Chromosomes placed on spindles of a different meiotic division always behaved as they would have on their native spindle; e.g., a meiosis I chromosome attached to a meiosis II spindle in its normal fashion and sister chromatids moved together to the same spindle pole. We also showed that meiosis I chromosomes become competent meiosis II chromosomes in anaphase of meiosis I, but not before. The patterns for attachment to the spindle and regulation of cohesion are built into the chromosome itself. These results suggest that regulation of chromosome cohesion may be linked to differences in the arrangement of kinetochores in the two meiotic divisions.
What phase are chromosomes visible and attach to spindle fibers?
Visible in prophase and attach to spindle fibers in meta phase
