The constancy of the speed of light in vacuum is the keystone of relativity. Because of this, the frequency/wavelenth of the light changes relative to the observer when the source is approaching or receding from the observer. That's why there is red shift.
Usually, this is explained by analogy to the Doppler effect with sound waves, where the speed of sound is constant and the frequency has to changes as the relative motion changes.
Diffraction.
Assuming the speed of light in air is already known (it is close to the speed of light in a vacuum), you might check how the light refracts when it changes from air to water (at what angle), and then use Snell's Law.
Electromagnetic waves, like light, do involve changes in the electric and the magnetic field. These changes propagate at the speed of light - as a wave.Electromagnetic waves, like light, do involve changes in the electric and the magnetic field. These changes propagate at the speed of light - as a wave.Electromagnetic waves, like light, do involve changes in the electric and the magnetic field. These changes propagate at the speed of light - as a wave.Electromagnetic waves, like light, do involve changes in the electric and the magnetic field. These changes propagate at the speed of light - as a wave.
Wavelength does not change with the speed of light, nor does the speed of light change for different wave lengths. Wavelength x frequency = c (the speed of light) always for any given medium through which it travels. Greater wavelength yields lower frequency, so the speed is always the same. Speed changes as light passes into different media transparent to light, but the change in speed has nothing to do with any change in frequency or wavelength. Those are related only to the nature of the material and the particular light energies it may pass or absorb. So white light passing through a red filter emerges red because the blue and green frequencies have been absorbed by the filtering material. That change in wavelength and frequency is not related to any change in speed within the filter.
No, the speed of light is not the same in all optical media. It changes depending on the medium through which light is traveling, such as air, water, or glass. The speed of light is slower in denser media compared to a vacuum, where it travels at its maximum speed.
When light enters a different medium (refracts), its speed changes.
The speed of light in a vacuum never changes.
When light enters a different medium, its speed changes as it undergoes refraction. Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another, due to the change in speed.
light undergoes refraction when the matter changes the speed of light
The speed of light in a medium changes when the medium of propagation changes. The wavelength and direction of light may also change depending on the medium, due to factors like refraction.
The change in speed of light changes the direction.
Diffraction.
The speed of light is the result of the electrostatic and magnetic properties of the medium through which it's traveling. The speed changes only when those properties change.
Its speed changes but its frequency remains the same.
Refraction
The property of a material that indicates how much the speed of light changes as it passes through is called the material's refractive index. This index is a measure of how much the speed of light is reduced in a material compared to its speed in a vacuum. The higher the refractive index, the more the speed of light is reduced in that material.
Assuming the speed of light in air is already known (it is close to the speed of light in a vacuum), you might check how the light refracts when it changes from air to water (at what angle), and then use Snell's Law.