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Respiration has 3 main steps:
1. Glycolysis - initial breakdown of glucose
2. Krebs Cycle/Citric Acid Cycle - complete breakdown of glucose into CO2
3. Electron Transport Chain and Oxidative Phosphorylation - use of energy released during

glucose breakdown to produce ATP



GLYCOLYSIS:
*the breakdown of glucose to produce 2 molecules of pyruvate
*requires breaking bonds
*exergonic process, energy is released
*each molecule of glucose (C6H12O6) is split into 2 three carbon sugars
*during the breakdown of glucose, electrons are released
*these electrons are stored in 2 molecules of NADH (reduced coenzyme)
*the electrons are released later in the electron transport chain (Step 3)
*glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm (does not require mitochondria)
*glycolysis requires an investment of energy in order to produce energy
*2 ATP used during energy investment phase
*4 ATP produced during energy payoff phase
*Net: 2 ATP produced during glycolysis per glucose molecule
Equation: C6H12O6 + 2ATP --> 2 pyruvate + 4ATP + 2NADH + 2H2O
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