Mg (magnesium)
Silicon, which is just below carbon, and Germanium are the two elements that are most like carbon.
This element is probable arsenic.
Antimony is an element on the periodic table that is similar in properties to arsenic. Both elements belong to Group 15 (pentels) and share chemical similarities due to their shared column on the periodic table.
Iron is the most common element used in magnets, particularly in ferromagnetic materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt. These elements have strong magnetic properties and are commonly used in the production of permanent magnets.
An atom is the smallest piece of an elemental chemical, a molecule is the smallest piece of a compound chemical (composed of several elements). However due to quantum effects, neither an atom nor a molecule has the properties that we associate with that specific chemical. You need a minimum of several hundred or thousand atoms or molecules in most cases for the "bulk" chemical properties to begin to appear.
The period 6 element with chemical properties most like sodium is francium. Francium is also an alkali metal like sodium and exhibits similar reactivity due to having one valence electron in its outer shell. However, francium is highly radioactive and unstable, making it difficult to study its chemical properties in depth.
Silicon, which is just below carbon, and Germanium are the two elements that are most like carbon.
The element that would have properties most similar to the new element would be an element that lies in the same group as the new element. Specifically, the element with the most similar properties will lie directly above or below that element in the group.
Calcium is an element that behaves most like magnesium due to their similar chemical properties. They are both alkaline earth metals, have similar reactivity, and form similar compounds.
Bromine is the element most like chlorine because they belong to the same group in the periodic table. They have similar chemical properties and react in similar ways with other elements.
Neon (Ne) would have properties most like helium (He) because they are both noble gases in the same group of the periodic table, with similar electron configurations and chemical reactivity.
Phosphorus is the element most like nitrogen in terms of its chemical properties and position on the periodic table. Both elements are in the same group on the periodic table, sharing similar reactivity and bonding characteristics.
Calcium is most like magnesium in its chemical bonding properties, with beryllium close behind. These are the elements respectively below and above magnesium in column 2 of a wide form periodic table.
The most important is the estimation of chemical properties of an element.
Mg (magnesium)
The most basic chemical structure of matter is an atom. Atoms are the smallest units of matter that retain the properties of an element.
Sulfur is an element that is most like oxygen in terms of its chemical properties. Both oxygen and sulfur belong to the same chemical group on the periodic table (Group 16), which means they have similar reactivity and can form compounds with similar characteristics.