metals have a tendency to lose electrons while nonmetals have a tendency to gain electrons. Metals are located left of the stair-step line and non-metals are located to its right.
An element in group 16/VIA, such as oxygen, is most likely to gain two electrons when forming an ionic bond. This is due to the fact that the atoms of the elements in group 16/VIA have six valence electrons and require two more to get a filled valence shell of 8 electrons (octet rule).
metals
These are covalent compounds formed by sharing electrons.
The octet rule states that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons in order to have a full outer shell of 8 electrons, like the noble gases. Representative elements either gain or lose electrons to achieve this stable electron configuration, becoming ions with a charge that corresponds to the number of electrons gained or lost.
In Group 13 elements (boron group), electrons are most likely to be lost to achieve a stable electron configuration. They have three electrons in the outer energy level and tend to lose those three electrons to form a 3+ ion.
An element's most likely oxidation state is often related to its valence electrons because elements tend to gain or lose electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. The number of valence electrons an element has can determine how many electrons it will gain or lose to reach a full or empty outer shell, resulting in a specific oxidation state.
An element in group 16/VIA, such as oxygen, is most likely to gain two electrons when forming an ionic bond. This is due to the fact that the atoms of the elements in group 16/VIA have six valence electrons and require two more to get a filled valence shell of 8 electrons (octet rule).
Atoms of group 16 elements are more likely to gain electrons because they have 6 valence electrons and need 2 more to achieve a stable octet configuration, which is typically done by gaining electrons rather than losing them.
Elements with a large difference in electronegativity are most likely to form ionic bonds. This includes combinations of a metal with a nonmetal, where the metal tends to lose electrons while the nonmetal tends to gain electrons to achieve a full outer shell.
Transition metals are the most likely elements to have various oxidation numbers due to their unstable electron configuration and ability to gain or lose electrons easily. Examples include iron, copper, and chromium.
metals
The Halide gasses (Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine etc. ) because they only need to gain 1 electron to fill its outermost energy level.
These are covalent compounds formed by sharing electrons.
The octet rule states that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons in order to have a full outer shell of 8 electrons, like the noble gases. Representative elements either gain or lose electrons to achieve this stable electron configuration, becoming ions with a charge that corresponds to the number of electrons gained or lost.
They tend to gain electrons when reacting with a metal. Metals generally are short of a full octet by 1 to 4 valence electrons. It is easier to drop 2 electrons than try to gain 6 electrons. The elements in group four can go either way, but the other metals will give up electrons, and non-metals will take them.
Nonmetal elements are most likely to form covalent bonds because they have a strong tendency to gain electrons to achieve a stable electronic configuration. This sharing of electrons between nonmetals allows them to complete their valence shells and attain a more stable state.
In Group 13 elements (boron group), electrons are most likely to be lost to achieve a stable electron configuration. They have three electrons in the outer energy level and tend to lose those three electrons to form a 3+ ion.