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Greenland, an autonomous constituent country within the Kingdom of Denmark, has the lowest average temperature because most of it sits high on an ice sheet at very high latitudes.

Canada and Russia, with an average temperature of −5 or -6 °C come in next. Of course, there are many individual climate regimes within these huge countries, and temperatures can be quite mild in parts of both. The coldest parts of Russia include eastern Siberia around Oymyakon and Verkhoyansk, which have recorded temperatures as low as -90°F. Much of Canada's Yukon and Northwest Territories are not far behind.

The coldest place on earth, however, is in Antarctica, which is not a country. It is a frozen desert with little precipitation; the South Pole itself receives almost none. Temperatures reach a minimum of between -121 °F and -130 °F (-85 °C and -90 °C) in the winter and about 30 degrees Fahrenheit (20 °C) higher in the summer months. Plateau Station, for example, has an annual average temperature of -56.7°C. sunburn is often a health issue as the snow surface reflects over 90% of the sunlight falling on it.[22] Eastern Antarctica is colder than its western counterpart because of higher elevation. Weather fronts rarely penetrate far into the continent, leaving the center cold and dry. Despite the lack of precipitation over the central portion of the continent, ice there lasts for extended time periods. Heavy snowfalls are not uncommon on the coastal portion of the continent, where snowfalls of up to 1.22 meters (48 inches) in 48 hours have been recorded.

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13y ago

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