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Is it true Elongation of the lagging string does not require a template strand?
Yes, it is true that the elongation of the lagging strand during DNA replication does not require a template strand in the same way that the leading strand does. While the lagging strand is synthesized in short fragments called Okazaki fragments, each fragment is initiated by an RNA primer, which provides the necessary 3' hydroxyl group for DNA polymerase to extend the strand. However, the synthesis of these fragments is still directed by the template strand to ensure accurate base pairing.
Which strand would be the template for the leading strand?
The leading strand would utilize the 3' to 5' template DNA strand as a guide for continuous synthesis of complementary DNA in the 5' to 3' direction by DNA polymerase during DNA replication.
What would be the consequence for DNA synthesis if DNA ligase were defective?
If DNA ligase were defective, it would impede the ability to join Okazaki fragments during DNA replication. This could result in gaps in the newly synthesized DNA strand, leading to mutations and potential disruptions in vital cellular processes.
What is added to the polypeptide strand?
Amino acids are added to the growing polypeptide strand during protein synthesis. Ribosomes facilitate the process by reading the mRNA and catalyzing the formation of peptide bonds between the amino acids. This results in the elongation of the polypeptide chain until a stop codon is reached.
Why do dideoxy nucleotides cause the DNA strand to stop elongating?
Dideoxy nucleotides lack a hydroxyl group at the 3' carbon, which is crucial for the formation of phosphodiester bonds during DNA synthesis. Without this hydroxyl group, the dideoxy nucleotides cannot form a bond with the next nucleotide in the growing DNA strand, leading to termination of strand elongation.
Is it true Elongation of the lagging string does not require a template strand?
Yes, it is true that the elongation of the lagging strand during DNA replication does not require a template strand in the same way that the leading strand does. While the lagging strand is synthesized in short fragments called Okazaki fragments, each fragment is initiated by an RNA primer, which provides the necessary 3' hydroxyl group for DNA polymerase to extend the strand. However, the synthesis of these fragments is still directed by the template strand to ensure accurate base pairing.
What are the differences between dNTPs and ddNTPs and how do they impact DNA synthesis?
dNTPs are the building blocks of DNA that allow for the synthesis of new DNA strands during replication. They contain all four bases (A, T, C, G) and have a hydroxyl group at the 3' carbon, which allows for further elongation of the DNA strand. On the other hand, ddNTPs are chain-terminating nucleotides that lack the 3' hydroxyl group. When incorporated into a growing DNA strand by DNA polymerase, they prevent further elongation, leading to the termination of DNA synthesis. In summary, dNTPs facilitate DNA synthesis by adding nucleotides to the growing strand, while ddNTPs inhibit DNA synthesis by terminating the strand.
Which strand would be the template for the leading strand?
The leading strand would utilize the 3' to 5' template DNA strand as a guide for continuous synthesis of complementary DNA in the 5' to 3' direction by DNA polymerase during DNA replication.
What would be the consequence for DNA synthesis if DNA ligase were defective?
If DNA ligase were defective, it would impede the ability to join Okazaki fragments during DNA replication. This could result in gaps in the newly synthesized DNA strand, leading to mutations and potential disruptions in vital cellular processes.
What is added to the polypeptide strand?
Amino acids are added to the growing polypeptide strand during protein synthesis. Ribosomes facilitate the process by reading the mRNA and catalyzing the formation of peptide bonds between the amino acids. This results in the elongation of the polypeptide chain until a stop codon is reached.
Why do dideoxy nucleotides cause the DNA strand to stop elongating?
Dideoxy nucleotides lack a hydroxyl group at the 3' carbon, which is crucial for the formation of phosphodiester bonds during DNA synthesis. Without this hydroxyl group, the dideoxy nucleotides cannot form a bond with the next nucleotide in the growing DNA strand, leading to termination of strand elongation.
How do you measure strand elongation?
Strand elongation is typically measured by comparing the length of the strand before and after stretching or extending. This can be done using instruments like a ruler, calipers, or specialized equipment for accurate measurements. The elongation is usually calculated as a percentage increase in length from the original strand dimension.
In which direction does replication occur 3 to 5 or 5 to 3?
Replication occurs in the 5' to 3' direction. The new DNA strand is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction, while the parental template strand acts as the template for this synthesis. This directionality allows for continuous synthesis on one strand (leading strand) and discontinuous synthesis on the other strand (lagging strand).
Does helicase catalyze the elongation of a new DNA strand?
No.
What are leading strands?
the two strand are antiparallel and the new strand must be formed on the old(parent) strand in opposite directions one of the new strand is formed as a continuous occur in long chain in the 5'_3' directions on 3'_5' strand of dna this is called the leading strand..
Why are leading and lagging strand primers removed instead of being joined with Okazaki fragments during DNA replication?
Leading and lagging strand primers are removed during DNA replication because they are only needed temporarily to initiate the synthesis of new DNA strands. Once the Okazaki fragments are synthesized, the primers are no longer necessary and must be removed to allow for the joining of the fragments into a continuous DNA strand.
What is the role of the leading strand in DNA replication?
The leading strand in DNA replication serves as a template for the continuous synthesis of a new complementary strand of DNA. It is replicated in a continuous manner by DNA polymerase, allowing for efficient and accurate replication of the entire DNA molecule.
