Which living things seem to be the pioneer species in all ecosystem?

Answer 1

Pioneer species are typically the first organisms to colonize barren environments, and they often include lichens, mosses, and certain types of bacteria and fungi. In terrestrial ecosystems, lichens and mosses can establish themselves on bare rock or soil, facilitating the process of soil formation. In aquatic environments, phytoplankton often serve as pioneer species, initiating the ecological succession process. These organisms play a crucial role in transforming inhospitable areas into more complex ecosystems.