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Yes, it obeys the octet rule.

(Of coarse not an octet for the H atoms: they are saturated with a duplet (=2)).

To show you HOW this is done, you will need the structural formula:

If it is a monosaccharide there are already 32 different isomeres.

And even one of these and the most common one: alpha-D-gluco-pyranose (which is glucose) is too difficultto draw it in this simple 'html-text editor' layout.

Just as example some explaining calculation about electron bonding pairs and free pairs.

Valence electrons counting:

6 C = 6x4 = 24 e

12 H = 12x2 = 24 e

6 O = 6x6 = 36 e

Total of 84 electrons are available for free or covalent (= bonding) electron pairs

(total 84/2 = 42 pairs can be formed)

Needed for octets and H-duplets

6 C = 6x8 = 48 e

6 O = 6x8 = 48 e

12 H = 12x2 = 24 e

Total needed for octets/duplets = 120. These are 60 'needed to see' pairs

  1. C has no free pairs, all 4 are covalent pairs (= 1 octet): 6x4 = 24 covalent bonds
  2. O has 2 free and 2 covalent pairs (= 1 octet): 6x2 = 12 covalent bonds
  3. H has no free pairs and 1 covalent pair (= 1 duplet): 12x1 = 12 covalent bonds

    Total of 24 double counted bonding pairs (48 pairs 'seen' from one atom AND 'seen' from the other atom bound to it, called covalent*) electron pairs)

One possible structure (which is not glucose) fitting the above calculation (1, 2, 3) is described here:

6 C atoms in a regular (bee hive) ring: 6 covalent pairs

6 H atoms directly to each C: 6 cov. pairs

6 O atom bonded at one side to each C atom: 6 cov. pairs

6 H atoms bonded to the other side of those 6 O atoms: 6 cov. pairs

Total of 24 double counted bonding pairs*) between all atoms.

This leaves 6x2 = 12 free electron pairs, two per O atom to fulfill their 'octet need'

And now you can conclude:

24 double counted = 48 'seen' electron pairs which are covalent*)

12 free electron pairs (2 on each O atom)

Total of 60 'structural drawn' pairs,

Thus this, being the same as the 'needed to see' pairs (60, see above), means that ALL atoms are obeying the octet(+ duplet) rule.

*) covalent means: 'seen by two' atoms which are bound together.

(The name of this formula would be 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclo-hexane-hexa-ol, it isn't even a monosaccharide)

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15y ago

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