Centromere
The failure of replicated chromosomes to separate is called nondisjunction. This can lead to an abnormal number of chromosomes in daughter cells during cell division, which can result in genetic disorders such as Down syndrome.
When chromosomes make an exact copy of themselves, they are called sister chromatids. Sister chromatids are identical copies of a chromosome that are held together by a structure called the centromere.
There are a total of 46 replicated chromosomes (plus 46 original), since metaphase precedes the actual division in anaphase, and each daughter cell receives 46 chromosomes in mitosis.
Synapsis is the process where replicated homologous chromosomes pair up and form tetrads during meiosis.
At the end of telophase, there are two sets of replicated chromosomes present in each cell. This is because during telophase, the duplicated chromosomes have separated and two identical sets of chromosomes are formed in preparation for cytokinesis.
The chromosomes are replicated during interphase.
Chromosomes are replicated during the S phase of the cell cycle.
Replicated chromosomes have undergone DNA replication, producing two identical sister chromatids joined by a centromere. Unreplicated chromosomes have not undergone DNA replication and consist of a single chromatid. Replicated chromosomes are found during the S phase of the cell cycle, while unreplicated chromosomes are present in the G1 phase.
The failure of replicated chromosomes to separate is called nondisjunction. This can lead to an abnormal number of chromosomes in daughter cells during cell division, which can result in genetic disorders such as Down syndrome.
interphase
When chromosomes make an exact copy of themselves, they are called sister chromatids. Sister chromatids are identical copies of a chromosome that are held together by a structure called the centromere.
Chromosomes are replicated in the nucleus of a cell. A nucleus is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells. It contains most of the cell's genetic material.
Metaphase
There are a total of 46 replicated chromosomes (plus 46 original), since metaphase precedes the actual division in anaphase, and each daughter cell receives 46 chromosomes in mitosis.
sister chromatids
mitosis is the process by which the DNA of a cell is copied, so chromosomes replicated throughout the process
Synapsis is the process where replicated homologous chromosomes pair up and form tetrads during meiosis.