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It's called the square-cube law.

If an object (such as a cell) increases in size [say doubles]

then its volume (or mass) goes up by the cube of the size,

but its surface area increases only by the square of its size.

Thus a doubling will produce a 4 fold increase in surface but an 8 fold increase in mass.

Since cells depend on diffusion of molecules through its surface, it can outgrow its ability to acquire new materials (or to get ride of waste.

This rule also limits the size of insects (actually all animals).

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14y ago

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