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Elements larger than element 82 (lead) are considered radioactive because they have unstable nuclei due to an excess of protons and neutrons. This instability leads to radioactivity as these elements undergo radioactive decay to achieve a more stable configuration. The strong nuclear force, which holds the nucleus together, becomes less effective as the number of protons increases, causing larger atoms to be more prone to decay. As a result, heavier elements emit radiation in the form of particles or electromagnetic waves as they transform into more stable isotopes.

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