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Nitro compounds are generally insoluble in water due to their nonpolar characteristics and the presence of a hydrophobic hydrocarbon chain or aromatic ring. Although the nitro group (-NO2) is polar and can engage in hydrogen bonding, the overall structure often lacks sufficient polarity to overcome the strong hydrogen bonding between water molecules. Additionally, the large size and bulkiness of many nitro compounds hinder their ability to interact favorably with water. Thus, their solubility in water is limited.

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