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The Hawaiian volcanoes come from a hot spot whereas the ring of fire volcanoes are from subduction zones. A hot spot is an area that was thought to be a relatively stationary plume of hot rock coming up from deep in the Earth's mantle. As the Earth's crust passes over the hot spot, the plume burns through it, creating volcanoes. Recent research shows that rather than being relatively stationary, these hot spots actually do move. How they move is a subject of current research.

Subduction zone volcanoes come from the melting of the down-going plate.

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