Club mosses (Lycophytes) and ferns (Pteridophytes) evolved in different environmental contexts and from distinct evolutionary lineages. Club mosses emerged earlier in the Paleozoic era, around 400 million years ago, but their evolutionary innovations were limited compared to ferns, which developed more complex structures like true leaves and a more efficient vascular system. Ferns capitalized on these adaptations, allowing them to thrive in a wider range of habitats and eventually diversify more than club mosses. Thus, the evolutionary trajectory and ecological opportunities available played a significant role in the timing of their emergence.
Mosses and Ferns both reproduce using spores instead of seeds or flowers. Mosses and Ferns are both plants. Mosses and Ferns are both made up of cells. Mosses and Ferns both photosynthesize.
Mosses are non-vascular plants whereas ferns are vascular. In ferns Sporophyte is dominant but in mosses gametophyte is dominant generation. Ferns have definite roots but in mosses leaves and roots are mostly false.
Horsetails produce seeds while mosses, ferns, and conifers produce spores.
The gametophyte generation is more prominent and independent in mosses and ferns compared to seed plants. Also, the sporophyte generation in mosses and ferns is not as prominent or long-lived as in seed plants. Finally, mosses and ferns rely on water for fertilization, a characteristic not seen in seed plants.
Most of the middle Himalayan hills are dominated by narrow leaf conifers, mosses and ferns.
I believe mosses and ferns release spores that become other mosses and ferns later on.
Mosses and Ferns both reproduce using spores instead of seeds or flowers. Mosses and Ferns are both plants. Mosses and Ferns are both made up of cells. Mosses and Ferns both photosynthesize.
Mosses are non-vascular plants whereas ferns are vascular. In ferns Sporophyte is dominant but in mosses gametophyte is dominant generation. Ferns have definite roots but in mosses leaves and roots are mostly false.
Angiosperms have flowers, fruits and seeds. However ferns, horsetails, and club mosses do not have either of these.
Angiosperms have flowers, fruits and seeds. However ferns, horsetails, and club mosses do not have either of these.
no
No
I need two examples of ferns
Ferns are seedless vascular plants while mosses are just seedless.
They are bryophytes.
Spores
no