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The division of day and night began with the Babylonians and Egyptians, who divided the day and night into 12 equal parts, probably to coincide with the movements of constellations (or the observed number of lunar cycles per year). Because day and night are only equally long at the equator, this would create hours of unequal length. So the 24 hour system, with varying times for sunrise and sunset, was eventually adopted.

The Greeks divided the year into 12 months, to coincide with the 12 observed lunar cycles in a calendar year.

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