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When elements react with other elements, they gain or loose electrons. Electrons are the reason that some elements react and others do not. Each element wants to have eight outer electrons. This is called the octet rule. (oct means eight). However, most elements do not have eight (except for the elements in the 18th column of the Periodic Table). The periodic table shows how many electrons each element has on its outer-layer. The last number of the column # (in the periodic table) is the number of electrons that the element contains in its outer-ring. For example, elements in the first column have one.

Another way is when substances burn and reach oxygen. This is called oxidation reaction.

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