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The Bohr Model of a single-electron atom assumes that the energy levels of electron orbits are fixed due to the quantization of angular momentum of the electron while in orbit.
The problem occurs because angular momentum depends on both the radius of the orbit and the velocity of the electron in that orbit. If one or the other is uncertain, then it is impossible to know the angular momentum.
Heisenberg showed that either one or the other MUST be uncertain. If we are certain about the radius, we MUST have uncertainty about the velocity -- and vice-versa.
Thus, angular momentum of an orbting electron can NOT be quantized, because it can not be known.
What else can I help you with?
What is stationary orbits of an atom?
Stationary orbits of an atom refer to the specific energy levels that electrons can occupy around the nucleus without emitting or absorbing energy. These orbits are defined by the quantized energy levels in which electrons can orbit the nucleus. The concept of stationary orbits forms the basis of Bohr's model of the atom.
Why are Niels Bohr orbits called stationary state?
Niels Bohr called the orbits "stationary states" because in these states, electrons do not emit electromagnetic radiation or lose energy, resulting in stable orbits. These stationary states are characterized by specific energy levels, and transitions between these states result in quantized energy exchanges. This concept helped explain the stability of the atom and laid the foundation for quantum mechanics.
Which principle was unknown in the time of Copernicus but later made it possible to explain a mechanism by which the earth orbits the sun?
The principle of inertia, proposed by Galileo, was unknown in Copernicus's time but later made it possible to explain how the Earth orbits the Sun. Inertia states that an object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by an external force, which helped to understand how the Earth moves around the Sun in the absence of a visible force pushing it.
What lead Heisenburg to his Uncertainty Principle?
Based on the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, the early developers of quantum theory determned that wave functions give only the probability of finding an electron at a given place around the nucleus. Thus, electrons do not travel around the nucleus in neat orbits, as Bohr had postulated. Instead, they exist in certain regions called orbtals. See pgs. 99-100 in Modern Chemistry Answer The Heisenberg uncertainty principle says that the position and momentum of a particle cannot be found simultaneously. In the case of electrons which have very high velocities (thus much momentum) they can only occupy spread-out regions if one knows their velocity. The spread-out region can be thought of as a cloud but is really a region of probability where the electron is likely to be found were one to determine its velocity. The fact that two electrons maximum can occupy a single orbital (be it an s, p, d or f orbital) at a time has much to do with the Pauli Exclusion Principle as well.
How does the sun orbits oroung the moon?
The sun does not orbit around the moon. The earth orbits the sun and the earths moon (every planet has 1 or more moons) orbits earth.
What is the position of the electrons in Bohr'smodel?
Defined orbits around nucleus, no uncertainty principle
Who introduced the concept of elliptical orbits to explain the splitting of the spectral lines?
Arnold Sommerfeld
What is the major difference the bohr model and the currently accepted atomic model?
Bohr assumed that electrons moved in fixed orbits.
What is stationary orbits of an atom?
Stationary orbits of an atom refer to the specific energy levels that electrons can occupy around the nucleus without emitting or absorbing energy. These orbits are defined by the quantized energy levels in which electrons can orbit the nucleus. The concept of stationary orbits forms the basis of Bohr's model of the atom.
Who introduced elliptical orbits?
Johannes Kepler introduced the concept of elliptical orbits in the early 17th century. His laws of planetary motion replaced the previously held idea of perfect circular orbits. This advance in understanding planetary motion led to the development of modern celestial mechanics.
How can you be sure today that the Earth orbits around the sun?
Scientific observations, experiments, and calculations show that Earth orbits the sun due to the gravitational pull between the two bodies. This theory is supported by various sources of evidence, including the motion of celestial objects, the effects of gravity, and the concept of elliptical orbits.
How does the concept of the gravitational force being a conservative force impact the study of celestial mechanics?
The concept of gravitational force being a conservative force greatly influences the study of celestial mechanics. It allows for the conservation of energy and angular momentum in celestial systems, making it easier to predict the motion of celestial bodies over time. This principle helps scientists understand the stability of orbits, the formation of planetary systems, and the dynamics of galaxies.
What scientist suggested that electrons have fixed orbits?
Niels Bohr proposed the idea that electrons have fixed orbits around the nucleus of an atom in his model of the atom in 1913. This concept helped to explain the stability of atoms and the spectral lines observed in hydrogen.
How does Gravity affect your planets?
Our planets are kept in their orbits around our star by the force of gravity.With all due respect, I should be surprised if the principle were not the samewhere you come from.
How do planets float in space without gravity?
Planets do have gravity and are affected by it and they don't exactly float. They orbit the sun, which requires moving very fast. When you think about it, an orbit is something of a strange concept. When you throw and object, it follows a path that curves downward. The faster you throw it, the broader the curve. A similar principle applies to orbits. An planet in orbit is essentially in perpetual freefall, but its "sideways" motion creates a curve large enough that it continously misses the sun. All orbits work in this way
What is a quantum shell?
The quantum shell or the principle shell (represented by an integer known as the principle quantum number, n) are orbits found in an atom. It is arranged as n=1, n=2, and so forth, n=1 being closest to the nucleus. As the numbers increase, so do the energy. Each quantum shell is an orbit, and in the orbits exist sub-orbitals. Please see sub-orbitals for more details.
How many orbits in the third row have?
The third row, or period, has 6 electrons.The concept of "orbits" for the third (or any) row does not make sense. Please restate the question, giving more details, if I did not answer it to your satisfaction.
