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First you have to know that respiration happens in 3 steps: glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.

Glycolysis, through substrate-level phosphorylation, yields 4 ATP, but it uses up 2 ATP, giving a "profit" of 2 ATP.

The Krebs cycle also yields 2 ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation.

Oxidative phosphorylation occurs through the electron transport chain. This process yields about 34 ATP.

This gives us a total of about 38.

The total CAN be 36 depending on how much ATP is used by the shuttles that transport electrons from NADH in the cytosol. (The shuttle can use up 0-2 ATP)

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