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Because it is an anaerobic bacteria. Although Clostridium perfringes can survive in the presence of oxygen (technically, it is 'aerotolerant'), it really flourishes under conditions of low oxygen pressure.

When the bacterium gets into an ischaemic wound (lack of blood, and therefore low too oxygen), it produces various (at least 12) toxins and tissue-destroying enzymes. The resultant damage has two effects - it allows the organism to establish itself and mulitply, and it disrupts blood supply to the area. This lack of blood obviously lowers the oxygen tension even more (oxygen is carried in the blood), promoting clostridial proliferation and spread even further.

Riding on the crest of an advancing wave of ischaemia and necrosis, the bacterium can thus spread to surrounding tissues. The gas within the tissue, so distinctive in this condition, is formed as a byproduct when the toxins destroy the previously healthy surrounding tissue.

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Tetanus is caused by a bacterium called Clostridium tetani. This bacterium can enter the body through wounds or cuts and produce a toxin that affects the nervous system, leading to symptoms such as muscle stiffness and spasms. Vaccination is an effective way to prevent tetanus infection.


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Tetanus caused by Clostridium tetani is a rare but serious bacterial infection. The exact number of victims worldwide is not accurately documented, but cases are more common in regions with limited access to immunization and healthcare. Vaccination against tetanus is highly effective in preventing the infection.


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