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Mutations are very common in all organisms. There are various mechanisms of repair in most cellular organisms that detect and correct these mutations both as they occur and afterwards.

Viruses are very simple organisms and contain very few proteins. Repair mechanisms are limited to the simplest mechanisms of the host cell. Since much fewer of the mutations are repaired, it is easy for a mutation to become permanently incorporated into a virus genome.

Viruses also frequently use single stranded DNA or RNA, in which case mutations are much harder to detect, even for the simple repair mechanisms that may take place during the host cell's replication processes.

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16y ago

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