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Footings, the concrete pads upon which foundation walls are built, must be located beneath the frost line in order to prevent a building from heaving when the ground freezes. If the site is sloped maintaining a constant elevation for the footings would either cause the footings to be above the frost line or significantly deeper than the frost line at one end of the building. Stepping the footings enables them to follow the slope of the site and remain below the frost line without going too deep under the ground. It allows the foundation wall heights to be minimized because the footings are kept as close to the surface as possible.

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