Why is plasma called a high-energy state of matter?

Answer 1

Let's consider for a moment what we usually mean when we refer to states of matter. Typically, we think of four states: solid, liquid, gas, and possibly plasma. There are more, but for this explanation it will be easiest to think of it this way.

Now, let's look at how we move from one state to another. Suppose you have a block of ice, and you want to melt it. How are you going to do this? Most likely, you would suggest heating it. But heating is really just the introduction of thermal energy to your block of ice. In other words, you're adding energy, and as the molecules of water get more energetic, they change states so they can move around more easily. Thus, you go from solid to liquid.

The same reasoning goes for the other phase transitions. So, in our four-state scheme (again, solid->liquid->gas->plasma), plasma is the highest energy state of matter.

Answer 2

Plasma is called a high-energy state of matter because its particles have enough energy to break apart into ions and electrons, resulting in a mixture of positively and negatively charged particles. This high energy level allows plasma to conduct electricity and respond to electromagnetic fields, making it distinct from other states of matter like solids, liquids, and gases.