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A mitochondria is special because of it's ability to produce a lot of energy, in the form of ATP. The process that creates all of this energy is called glucose metabolism and happens in 2 main stages:

1) Glycolysis

2) Electron Transport Chain

Glycolysis creates roughly 2 molecules of ATP, whereas the Electron Transport Chain creates roughly 36 molecules of ATP. This means that around 38 molecules of ATP are produced from one molecule of glucose. Pretty good really.

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