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The temperature range on the Earth is much less than it would be without the oceans and the atmosphere. The oceans form a big thermal reservoir because they do not absorb the Sun's energy at the surface, but continuously down to a depth of several metres, so the temperature change is slow. This contrasts with the land areas which heat up much more quickly as soon as the Sun shines on them.

The atmosphere also plays a part because there is a very fine balance between the heat and light that get in, and the heat and light that are radiated out again into space. Without the atmosphere the temperature might be 100 degrees C in the day and minus 100 at night. So we rely on the atmosphere, with the correct balance of gases, to keep the temperature stable.


The balance depends on the right amount of greenhouse-effect, and if we change the balance by introducing more 'greenhouse gases' we will change the temperature. This is generally believed to be the case but there is a lot of argument about how much.

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12y ago

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