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Magnesium, although having the same valence electron configuration as calcium, is toxic to humans at lower levels. Humans can handle having more ionic calcium in their system than they can ionic magnesium, so calcium salts are more commonly used as antacids.

However, I don't believe calcium hydroxide is what is used as an antacid in humans - hydroxides are strong bases and I would think this would be very caustic and could cause chemical burns to the digestive tract. I believe the actual antacide is calcium carbonate. However, the above paragraph about why magnesium versus calcium is still true for a carbonate salt.

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Why do one has to take in a milk of magnesia when he or she has an in digestion problem?

Milk of magnesia (magnesium hydroxide) is most commonly found as a liquid. The magnesium in the liquid can both neutralize excess stomach acid and, if taken in slightly larger doses, act as a saline laxative. This means that the magnesium works to pull salt or a saline solution from the blood into the intestines, therefore increasing the amount of water in the intestines and causing a laxative action. Milk of magnesia is generally considered to be one of the more gentle laxatives, as opposed to stimulant laxatives such as Dulcolax.


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Related Questions

When calcium react with water why it is CaOH2 H2?

Ca(s) + 2H2O ==> Ca(OH)2(s) + H2(g). This is because of the reactivity of calcium (as opposed to magnesium) so it forms the hydroxide. If it were less reactive, as is magnesium, it would form the metal oxide (if reacted with hot water or steam). Moving down group 2, the metals become more reactive.


Are magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide more effective at neutralizing stomach acid?

Of the antacids, hydroxides of aluminum (Al(OH)3) and magnesium (Mg(OH)2) are the most common preparations. The hydroxides of aluminum and magnesium are relatively insoluble; therefore, OH- does not accumulate to corrosive levels. * Mg(OH)2 reacts relatively rapidly with H+. ** Side effects include diarrhea, and hypermagnesemia in patients with renal insufficienc. * Al(OH)3 acts relatively slowly, and it can form complex conglomerates, providing sustained neutralizing capacity. ** Side effects include constipation, hypophosphatemia; drug adsorption reduces bioavailability. Thus, combinations of Mg2+ and Al3+ hydroxides provide a relatively fast and sustained neutralizing capacity.In addition, since aluminum can relax the smooth muscle of the stomach and delay gastric emptying, while magnesium opposed those effects, when Al(OH)3 and Mg(OH)2 taken concurrently have relatively little effect on gastric emptying. On the other hand, sodium bicarbonate and calcium carbonate are also used, as are other carbonates, silicates, and phosphates. These antacids react with HCl to form chlorides, water, and carbon dioxide, neutralizing HCl by these chemical reactions. However, the very water soluble sodium bicarbonate is rapidly cleared from the stomach and presents both an alkali and a sodium load, which may cause systemic alkalosis and fluid retention. Calcium carbonate may also cause hypercalcemia, and milk-alkali syndrome when excessive administration of calcium carbonate is used, leading to calcium kidney stones, alkalosis, decrease in parathyroid retention of bicarbonate by kidney. Based purely on stoichiometry, a mole of Aluminum hydroxide can neutralize 3 moles of HCl. A mole of Magnesium hydroxide can neutralize only 2 moles of HCl.


Why do one has to take in a milk of magnesia when he or she has an in digestion problem?

Milk of magnesia (magnesium hydroxide) is most commonly found as a liquid. The magnesium in the liquid can both neutralize excess stomach acid and, if taken in slightly larger doses, act as a saline laxative. This means that the magnesium works to pull salt or a saline solution from the blood into the intestines, therefore increasing the amount of water in the intestines and causing a laxative action. Milk of magnesia is generally considered to be one of the more gentle laxatives, as opposed to stimulant laxatives such as Dulcolax.


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Magnesium is more reactive than silver because magnesium has a lower ionization energy and is more willing to lose electrons to form positive ions. Additionally, magnesium is lower in the reactivity series, meaning it reacts more readily with other substances compared to silver.


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