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What are the differences between nmos and pmos transistors?

NMOS is built with n-type source and drain and a p-type substrate, while PMOS is built with p-type source and drain and a n-type substrate. In a NMOS, carriers are electrons, while in a PMOS, carriers are holes. When a high voltage is applied to the gate, NMOS will conduct, while PMOS will not. Furthermore, when a low voltage is applied in the gate, NMOS will not conduct and PMOS will conduct. NMOS are considered to be faster than PMOS, since the carriers in NMOS, which are electrons, travel twice as fast as holes, which are the carriers in PMOS. But PMOS devices are more immune to noise than NMOS devices. Furthermore, NMOS ICs would be smaller than PMOS ICs (that give the same functionality), since the NMOS can provide one-half of the impedance provided by a PMOS (which has the same geometry and operating conditions).


Why is the substrate in nmos connected to ground and in pmos to vdd?

we try to reverse bias not the channel and substrate but we try to maintain the source,drain junctions reversed biased with respect to the substrate so that we dont loose our current in the substrate.


Why substrate in nmos connected to ground and pmos connected to vdd?

In CMOS technology, the NMOS transistor's substrate is connected to ground to prevent parasitic effects and ensure proper operation, as it helps maintain a lower threshold voltage for the NMOS. Conversely, the PMOS substrate is connected to VDD to keep its threshold voltage stable and ensure that the PMOS operates correctly in the enhancement mode. This arrangement minimizes unwanted channel formation and enhances performance by reducing leakage currents in both types of transistors.


Why is always p-substrate is used in fabrication of FET?

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What is NMOS in electronics?

when n- channel mosfets are used to construct a circuit these are called nmos(N- channel mosfet).


Is p-nitrophenol an enzyme?

No, p-nitrophenol is not an enzyme. It is a chemical compound that is often used in biochemical research as a substrate for enzyme assays.


What are advantages of transmission gate logic over Cmos logic?

cmos logic circuit uses particularly pmos or nmos viz. passes strong 1 and strong zero respectively and also degraded zero's and one's in their respective cases of p and nmos so to remove deggraded output the nmos and pmos are combined together for strong output level


What is the use of pseudo nMOS gates in digital design?

These circuits use nMOS for implementation of a whole gate + one pMOS which is connected between positive supply and nMOS.


Why p-substrate is used in monolithic IC not p-substrate?

entire circuit is built into a single piece of semiconductor (chip); physical properties of semiconductor to large degree determine performance of the circuit; the most common integrated circuits such as microprocessors, memories, etc., are all monolithic.


Define pinch off voltage and the gate source cut off voltage?

If negative voltage is applied to the gate of a NMOS, it repels electrons from the channel region towards the bulk of the p-substrate and attaract holes from p-substrate towards the channel. The recombination between holes and electrons causes a deplation of majority carriers in the channel. Enough nagative gate voltage can cause the channel depleted of majority carriers and cuts off the current between the source and the drain. The least negative gate voltage causing this is called gate-source cut off voltage.


The are used to conect with the substrate?

"The are used to conect with a substrate" is not a question, and connect is spelled incorrectly.


How mosfet works inspite of insulator under the gate how the gate attracts or rpels the charge carriers from substrate to form a channel?

For the Proper operation of NMOS Transistor Substrate and Source are connected to the Lower potential, If we are applying a positive Gate voltage with respected to Source Similarly The gate voltage is positive to Substrate Hence due to the body voltage, electrons are accumulated under the oxide layer and forming a channel for conduction.