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Actually when the flow emerges from the throat area of venturi to enter into the diverging section, their is a negative pressure gradient i.e, in layman terms fluid is trying to flow from low pressure region to high pressure region according to Bernoulli equation. In this adverse pressure gradient, there is boundary layer separation, in simple terms, the fluid leaves the surface of the wall. Due to this there can be energy loss or the fluid can't recover the pressure fully leading to head loss. So if divergent section is long that means more gradual diverging section, due to which the adverse pressure gradient is less so less chance of boundary separation and hence less loss. Also large diverging section will ensure proper development of flow, i.e. fluid sticking to the wall back after separation.

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