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What is the difference between the angle of deviation of the alpha particles closer to the nucleus and that of those that are farther away?
Angle of deviation closer to the nucleus is greater that father from nucleus. These deviations are caused by repulsion of like charges, that is the proton and the alpha particle. Most of the alpha particles pass through, not deviated by large angles, and few rebound back. :D
Which radioactive particle can be stopped by a regular sheet of notebook paper?
Alpha. Beta particles are blocked by a few mm of aluminum and gamma by a few cm of lead. Alpha. Beta particles are blocked by a few mm of aluminum and gamma by a few cm of lead.
How could Rutherford tell where the positivily charged particles went after hitting the gold foil?
Rutherford could determine the paths of positively charged particles (alpha particles) after they hit the gold foil by observing their scattering patterns. Most alpha particles passed through the foil, but some were deflected at large angles or even bounced back, which indicated that they encountered a dense, positively charged nucleus at the center of the gold atoms. By analyzing the angles and frequencies of these deflections, he inferred the existence and location of the nucleus, leading to the conclusion that atoms have a small, dense core surrounded by mostly empty space.
How did Rutherford explain the fact that some of the alpha particles bounced sharply back off the gold foil?
Rutherford explained the sharp bounce of some alpha particles off the gold foil by proposing that atoms have a dense, positively charged nucleus at their center. Most of the alpha particles passed through the foil because the majority of an atom is empty space, but those that were deflected at large angles encountered this concentrated mass of positive charge, which repelled the alpha particles due to electrostatic forces. This led him to conclude that the atom's structure is mostly empty space with a small, dense nucleus, fundamentally changing the understanding of atomic structure.
Why is proton more effective than in electron in deflecting alpha particles?
Alpha particles, which are helium nuclei consisting of two protons and two neutrons, are large and positively charged. Electrons have almost no mass and are negatively charged. They would be attracted to alpha particles, not deflected. Protons are approximately 2000 times larger than electrons and are positively charged, therefore they would be much more effective in deflecting alpha particles. Remember that like charges repel.
How does Rutherford's model of atoms explain the deflection of alpha particles by gold foils?
Rutherford's model of the atom suggested that atoms have a small, dense, positively charged nucleus at the center. When alpha particles (positively charged) were shot at gold foil, some were deflected at large angles or even reflected back. This indicated that the positive charge and mass of the nucleus were significant enough to affect the trajectory of the alpha particles.
What happened to the alpha particles as they hit the gold foil?
They stop.
Why weren't all the alpha particles deflected in Rutherford experiment?
While most alpha particles passed straight through the foil. A small % of them were deflected at very large angles, some even backscattered. Because alpha particles have about 8000x the mass of an electron and impacted the foil at very high velocitiesIn order for the alpha particles to be deflected by significant amounts, they must pass close to one or more nuclei in the foil. Since nuclei occupy only a very small fraction of the the volume of an atom, and the foil was very thin so it was not very many atoms thick, the likelihood of such close encounters was small and only a small fraction of the alpha particles were deflected by large angles.
What was the fate of the vast majority of alpha particles in rutherford's gold-foil experiment?
The vast majority of alpha particles passed through the gold foil without being deflected, as the atom is mostly empty space. However, a small fraction of alpha particles were deflected at large angles, indicating the presence of a dense, positively charged nucleus in the atom.
If Rutherford had seen a large number of alpha particles reflected what view of the atom would we accept today?
that the nucleus of the atom was a lot larger than we now believe but the charge was not as spread out as you would expect.
Which observations helped Rutherford determine that atoms have tiny dense positively charged nuclei?
A+ answer: A few of the alpha particles in his expeirment were deflected from the gold foil at large angles. Scattering pattern of alpha particles 'shot' at a thin gold foil. Most went straight thru showing the nucleus was very small. Analysis of the scattering showed electrical repulsion, not that the particles actually hit the nucleus and bounced off.
What kind of radiation is emitted from protactinium?
Protactinium-231 emit alpha particles, gamma radiations, X-rays.
Rutherford theorized that atoms have a dense positive center or nucleus How the evidence for this conclusion illustrated in the animated gold-foil experiment?
In Rutherford's gold-foil experiment, a narrow beam of alpha particles was aimed at a thin sheet of gold foil. Most alpha particles passed through the foil without deflection, but some were deflected at large angles or even reflected back, indicating a concentrated positive charge at the center of the atom. This observation led Rutherford to conclude that atoms have a dense positive center or nucleus.
What happened to the alpha particles as they hit he gold foil?
When alpha particles hit the gold foil in the famous Rutherford experiment, most of them passed straight through, while a few were deflected at large angles, indicating that the atom was mostly empty space with a dense positively charged nucleus. This unexpected result led to the discovery of the atomic nucleus.
Which nuclear radiation can be stopped by paper?
Alpha radiation can be stopped by paper because alpha particles are large and heavy, which makes them easier to block. Paper is thick enough to absorb the particles before they can penetrate through.
What is Rutherford's experiment with gold foil and alpha particles?
The initial discovery of "Rutherford Scattering" was made by Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden in 1909 when they performed the gold foil experiment under the direction of Rutherford, in which they fired a beam of alpha particles (helium nuclei) at layers of gold leaf only a few atoms thick. The intriguing results showed that around 1 in 8000 alpha particles were deflected by very large angles (over 90°), while the rest passed straight through with little or no deflection. From this, Rutherford concluded that the majority of the mass was concentrated in a minute, positively charged region (the nucleus) surrounded by electrons. When a (positive) alpha particle approached sufficiently close to the nucleus, it was repelled strongly enough to rebound at high angles. The small size of the nucleus explained the small number of alpha particles that were repelled in this way.
Why does paper stop alpha from traveling?
Paper can stop alpha particles because paper has a higher density compared to air, which makes it more likely that the alpha particles will collide with the atoms in the paper, losing energy and stopping their movement. Additionally, the small size of alpha particles means they are easily absorbed by the materials they come into contact with.
